复杂工况下潮流能水平轴水轮机水动力性能研究及叶片优化
发布时间：2019-03-20 21:57
【摘要】：海洋潮流能是可再生能源的一个重要门类，对解决我国的能源危机和环境问题具有重要意义，因此潮流能开发技术的研究成为目前研究的热点。海洋环境复杂多变，实际海洋环境中运行的水轮机的性能会受到各种因素的影响。为保证水轮机能够安全稳定高效的运行，必须对大型潮流能水轮机在复杂海洋环境中的水动力性能进行研究。借鉴于风力机技术的潮流能水轮机，实际运行中获能系数偏低，叶片是水轮机组获能的主要部件，因此叶片结构的优化设计也就显得尤为重要。 本文以50kW潮流能水平轴水轮机组发电装置的研制为研究背景，首先介绍了水轮机叶片设计的基本理论，包括翼型理论、叶素—动量理论，应用Wilson设计方法对50kW潮流能水轮机进行叶片设计，建立叶片的三维模型。通过CFD方法，应用Fluent软件对各种复杂工况下水轮机的水动力性能进行分析，找到各种复杂工况对水轮机性能的影响规律。 针对水轮机具体的运行环境，以提高水轮机获能为目标，应用遗传算法对叶片外形进行优化设计。通过对比实际工况下水轮机的获能，，得知优化的叶片获能较原叶片有明显提高，基本满足设计要求，证明应用遗传算法进行叶片优化的可行性。 应用有限元方法对优化的叶片进行有限元分析，通过对叶片进行静强度分析、模态响应分析和疲劳寿命分析，得知优化的叶片满足使用要求，确保水轮机组运行的稳定性。
[Abstract]:Ocean tidal current energy is an important category of renewable energy, and it is of great significance to solve the energy crisis and environmental problems in our country. Therefore, the research of tidal current energy development technology has become a hot topic at present. The marine environment is complex and changeable, and the performance of hydraulic turbines in actual marine environment will be affected by various factors. In order to ensure the safe, stable and efficient operation of the turbine, the hydrodynamic performance of the large tidal turbine in the complex marine environment must be studied. The tidal turbine, which is used for reference in wind turbine technology, has a low coefficient of energy acquisition in actual operation, and the blade is the main component of the turbine. Therefore, the optimal design of the blade structure is particularly important. In this paper, the basic theory of turbine blade design, including airfoil theory, blade element-momentum theory, is introduced based on the research background of 50kW power flow horizontal shaft turbine generator. The Wilson design method was used to design the blade of 50kW tidal turbine, and the three-dimensional model of the blade was established. By means of CFD method, the hydrodynamic performance of hydraulic turbine under various complicated operating conditions is analyzed by using Fluent software, and the influence of various complicated working conditions on the performance of hydraulic turbine is found out. Aiming at the specific operating environment of hydraulic turbine and in order to improve the turbine capacity, genetic algorithm is applied to optimize the design of blade shape. The results show that the optimal blade capacity is obviously higher than that of the original blade, which basically meets the design requirements. The feasibility of using genetic algorithm to optimize the blade is proved. The finite element method is used to analyze the optimized blade. Through the static strength analysis, modal response analysis and fatigue life analysis of the blade, it is found that the optimized blade meets the service requirements and ensures the operation stability of the turbine unit.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TK730
本文编号：2444668
[Abstract]:Ocean tidal current energy is an important category of renewable energy, and it is of great significance to solve the energy crisis and environmental problems in our country. Therefore, the research of tidal current energy development technology has become a hot topic at present. The marine environment is complex and changeable, and the performance of hydraulic turbines in actual marine environment will be affected by various factors. In order to ensure the safe, stable and efficient operation of the turbine, the hydrodynamic performance of the large tidal turbine in the complex marine environment must be studied. The tidal turbine, which is used for reference in wind turbine technology, has a low coefficient of energy acquisition in actual operation, and the blade is the main component of the turbine. Therefore, the optimal design of the blade structure is particularly important. In this paper, the basic theory of turbine blade design, including airfoil theory, blade element-momentum theory, is introduced based on the research background of 50kW power flow horizontal shaft turbine generator. The Wilson design method was used to design the blade of 50kW tidal turbine, and the three-dimensional model of the blade was established. By means of CFD method, the hydrodynamic performance of hydraulic turbine under various complicated operating conditions is analyzed by using Fluent software, and the influence of various complicated working conditions on the performance of hydraulic turbine is found out. Aiming at the specific operating environment of hydraulic turbine and in order to improve the turbine capacity, genetic algorithm is applied to optimize the design of blade shape. The results show that the optimal blade capacity is obviously higher than that of the original blade, which basically meets the design requirements. The feasibility of using genetic algorithm to optimize the blade is proved. The finite element method is used to analyze the optimized blade. Through the static strength analysis, modal response analysis and fatigue life analysis of the blade, it is found that the optimized blade meets the service requirements and ensures the operation stability of the turbine unit.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TK730
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