新丰江水库发电供水优化调度方法研究
发布时间：2019-04-09 20:39
【摘要】：随着我国水电在电力系统中比重的不断加大,以及工农业用水、城乡居民用水需求的不断增加,水库在自身防洪的前提下,面临着供电和供水的双重压力。加之近年来干旱等极端天气频发,水库的运行调度面临巨大挑战。 水库优化调度通过运用一定的优化方法和技术,寻求水库及其水电站在不同需求下的最优运行调度方式和最优控制策略。现行水库调度方式主要考虑其生产电力的可靠性和经济性,以期最大化利用水库所控制的水能资源。对具有发电和供水等多重利用要求的水库,统筹考虑发电可靠性和供水可靠性有着重要的现实意义。如何通过制定合理调度规则,实现水库水电站运行期内复杂的目标需求是关键问题之一。 本文在总结水库优化调度相关研究的基础上,针对径流随机性和水库功能转变后的优化调度等问题,以广东省境内的新丰江水库为实际工程背景,首先研究考虑弃水风险的水库水位控制问题,而后研究发电供水双重利用水库的优化调度模型,最后,基于遗传算法,对发电供水优化调度模型生成的的调度规则进行进一步优化。本文研究的主要内容具体如下： (1)针对实际调度中的最优水位控制问题,提出一种以弃水概率为约束条件,以多年平均发电量最大为目标的最优轨迹优化模型,并通过模拟优化方法求解。以新丰江水库为工程背景的实际应用表明,该方法在寻求水库最优水位控制线时,考虑了实际调度中弃水风险控制和提高电量的协调问题,有利于实际应用。 (2)针对具有发电、城市供水双重功能的水库优化调度问题,提出具有发电保证率、供水保证率和最小供水流量三重约束条件的随机动态规划模型。以拉格朗日松弛法处理两个保证率约束,以惩罚函数法处理最小供水流量约束,通过模拟调度结果指导松弛因子和惩罚系数的更新。以新丰江水库为工程背景的实例研究表明,提出的方法能够在有效协调发电供水功能的基础上,缓解枯水时段供水流量的极端破坏,可应用于具有城市供水任务的水库的优化调度中。 (3)基于一种改进的遗传算法,以多年平均发电量最大为目标,对上一章的发电供水调度规则进行进一步优化。编码采用十进制浮点数,初始种群生成采用一种特定的策略,适应度函数采用变量惩罚函数法,遗传操作采用锦标赛选择,两点交叉、非均匀变异。以新丰江水库为工程背景的计算结果表明,这种方法能够在上一章结果的基础上,得到发电量指标更优的调度规则。 最后,对本文研究的内容进行总结,同时对研究存在的问题以及前景进行展望。
[Abstract]:With the increasing proportion of hydropower in the electric power system and the water use in industry and agriculture, and the increasing demand of urban and rural residents, reservoirs are faced with the double pressure of power supply and water supply under the premise of flood control. Coupled with the frequent occurrence of drought and other extreme weather in recent years, the operation and operation of reservoirs are facing great challenges. By using certain optimization methods and techniques, the optimal operation mode and optimal control strategy of the reservoir and its hydropower station under different requirements are sought. The current reservoir operation mode mainly considers the reliability and economy of producing electric power in order to maximize the utilization of the hydropower resources controlled by the reservoir. It is of great practical significance to consider power generation reliability and water supply reliability as a whole for reservoirs with multiple utilization requirements such as power generation and water supply. It is one of the key problems how to realize the complex target demand in the operation period of reservoir hydropower station by making reasonable operation rules. On the basis of summarizing the relevant research of reservoir optimal operation, aiming at the randomness of runoff and the optimal operation after reservoir function transformation, this paper takes Xinfengjiang Reservoir in Guangdong Province as the actual engineering background. Firstly, the problem of reservoir water level control considering abandoned water risk is studied, and then the optimal operation model of dual-use reservoir is studied. Finally, based on genetic algorithm, The regulation rules generated by the optimal dispatching model for power generation water supply are further optimized. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) aiming at the problem of optimal water level control in actual dispatching, an optimal trajectory optimization model is proposed, which is constrained by the probability of abandoning water and aims at the maximum of multi-year average power generation. The simulation optimization method is used to solve the problem. The practical application of Xinfengjiang Reservoir shows that this method takes into account the risk control of abandoned water and the coordination of increasing electricity quantity in practical operation when searching for the optimal water level control line of the reservoir, which is beneficial to the practical application. (2) for the optimal operation of reservoir with double functions of power generation and urban water supply, a stochastic dynamic programming model with triple constraints of power generation guarantee rate, water supply guarantee rate and minimum water supply discharge is proposed. The Lagrangian relaxation method is used to deal with the two guaranteed rate constraints, and the penalty function method is used to deal with the minimum water supply discharge constraints. The relaxation factor and penalty coefficient are updated by simulating the operation results. The case study of Xinfengjiang Reservoir shows that the proposed method can alleviate the extreme damage of water flow in low water period on the basis of coordinating the water supply function of power generation effectively. It can be applied to the optimal operation of reservoirs with urban water supply tasks. (3) based on an improved genetic algorithm, with the goal of maximum generation capacity for many years, the regulation of generation water supply scheduling is further optimized in the last chapter. The coding adopts decimal floating point number, the initial population is generated by a special strategy, the adaptation function is based on variable penalty function, the genetic operation is selected by tournament, the two points are crossed, and the variation is non-uniform. Based on the engineering background of Xinfengjiang Reservoir, the results show that this method can obtain better dispatching rules of power generation index on the basis of the results of the previous chapter. Finally, the research contents are summarized, and the existing problems and prospects are prospected.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV737
[Abstract]:With the increasing proportion of hydropower in the electric power system and the water use in industry and agriculture, and the increasing demand of urban and rural residents, reservoirs are faced with the double pressure of power supply and water supply under the premise of flood control. Coupled with the frequent occurrence of drought and other extreme weather in recent years, the operation and operation of reservoirs are facing great challenges. By using certain optimization methods and techniques, the optimal operation mode and optimal control strategy of the reservoir and its hydropower station under different requirements are sought. The current reservoir operation mode mainly considers the reliability and economy of producing electric power in order to maximize the utilization of the hydropower resources controlled by the reservoir. It is of great practical significance to consider power generation reliability and water supply reliability as a whole for reservoirs with multiple utilization requirements such as power generation and water supply. It is one of the key problems how to realize the complex target demand in the operation period of reservoir hydropower station by making reasonable operation rules. On the basis of summarizing the relevant research of reservoir optimal operation, aiming at the randomness of runoff and the optimal operation after reservoir function transformation, this paper takes Xinfengjiang Reservoir in Guangdong Province as the actual engineering background. Firstly, the problem of reservoir water level control considering abandoned water risk is studied, and then the optimal operation model of dual-use reservoir is studied. Finally, based on genetic algorithm, The regulation rules generated by the optimal dispatching model for power generation water supply are further optimized. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) aiming at the problem of optimal water level control in actual dispatching, an optimal trajectory optimization model is proposed, which is constrained by the probability of abandoning water and aims at the maximum of multi-year average power generation. The simulation optimization method is used to solve the problem. The practical application of Xinfengjiang Reservoir shows that this method takes into account the risk control of abandoned water and the coordination of increasing electricity quantity in practical operation when searching for the optimal water level control line of the reservoir, which is beneficial to the practical application. (2) for the optimal operation of reservoir with double functions of power generation and urban water supply, a stochastic dynamic programming model with triple constraints of power generation guarantee rate, water supply guarantee rate and minimum water supply discharge is proposed. The Lagrangian relaxation method is used to deal with the two guaranteed rate constraints, and the penalty function method is used to deal with the minimum water supply discharge constraints. The relaxation factor and penalty coefficient are updated by simulating the operation results. The case study of Xinfengjiang Reservoir shows that the proposed method can alleviate the extreme damage of water flow in low water period on the basis of coordinating the water supply function of power generation effectively. It can be applied to the optimal operation of reservoirs with urban water supply tasks. (3) based on an improved genetic algorithm, with the goal of maximum generation capacity for many years, the regulation of generation water supply scheduling is further optimized in the last chapter. The coding adopts decimal floating point number, the initial population is generated by a special strategy, the adaptation function is based on variable penalty function, the genetic operation is selected by tournament, the two points are crossed, and the variation is non-uniform. Based on the engineering background of Xinfengjiang Reservoir, the results show that this method can obtain better dispatching rules of power generation index on the basis of the results of the previous chapter. Finally, the research contents are summarized, and the existing problems and prospects are prospected.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV737
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