水电站主厂房楼板与墙柱连接形式及设备隔振措施研究
发布时间：2019-05-06 21:19
【摘要】：随着我国经济社会持续发展,能源需求不断增长,国际能源形式和气候变化问题愈加复杂,我国能源发展面临的各种约束和矛盾将越来越突出。我国水能资源居世界首位,水电作为一种清洁能源,技术成熟,出力特性好,不仅可以满足低碳经济的要求,同时又兼具防洪、灌溉、供水、航运、旅游等综合效益,具有广阔的开发前景。同时作为当今世界最具经济性的大规模储能方式,抽水蓄能电站在系统调峰、保证供电质量和促进新能源消纳等方面发挥着重要的作用。水电站厂房是机组动荷载和水力脉动荷载的作用主体,国内外厂房的振动问题非常普遍,厂房的振动研究工作尤为重要。本文针对厂房设备振动问题,运用有限元方法,对主厂房楼板与上下游墙柱连接形式及设备隔振进行分析研究,为水电站厂房结构设计及设备的振动控制提供参考。论文主要做了如下研究：(1)楼板是仪器设备的基础,楼板振动特性对仪器设备的振动有重要影响,针对楼板自振特性两种计算方法,对整体结构全质量法与仅局部结构有质量法计算所得发电机层楼板自振频率及振型进行对比,计算结果表明：局部结构有质量法能较好的反应发电机层楼板的振型和振动规律,相同振型自振频率虽略偏小,但整体上与全质量法相差不大；局部结构有质量法计算阶次少,处理简单。(2)楼板与周边及其他结构的连接条件对楼板振动特性有重要影响,因此针对目前主厂房楼板与上下游墙柱两种连接形式(固结、搭接),对两种方案厂房结构自振特性及机组荷载、脉动压力和水平双向地震作用下厂房上部结构不同部位的位移和应力响应进行分析对比。结果表明,连接形式对上下游墙柱和楼板局部振动自振特性影响较大,对厂房整体振动自振特性影响较小；正常运行工况机组荷载及水平双向地震作用下,固结方案能够显著减小上下游墙柱的横向振动；转轮叶片数频率及导叶数频率脉动压力作用下,两种方案对厂房不同部位的动力响应的影响各有优劣。(3)对厂房仪器设备基础采用弹簧阻尼隔振措施,研究隔振体系自振频率、阻尼比、水平与竖向自振频率比、布置方式及浮置基础质量对隔振效果的影响。研究表明,隔振体系自振频率对隔振效果影响较大,需结合动荷载特性、基础自振特性及动荷载作用下设备基础振动响应综合考虑确定；阻尼有利于降低隔振体系对低频振源的振动响应,对共振区振动响应有明显的减振作用；大质量浮置基础有利于降低隔振体系对中高频振源的振动响应；水平向自振频率变化及隔振器布置方式对隔振体系竖向隔振效果影响可以忽略。
[Abstract]:With the sustained development of China's economy and society and the increasing demand for energy, the problems of international energy forms and climate change are becoming more and more complex, and the constraints and contradictions faced by China's energy development will become more and more prominent. Water resources in China rank first in the world. Hydropower, as a clean energy, has mature technology and good output characteristics. It can not only meet the requirements of low-carbon economy, but also have comprehensive benefits such as flood control, irrigation, water supply, shipping, tourism, and so on. It has a broad prospect of development. At the same time, as the most economical and large-scale energy storage mode in the world, pumped storage power station plays an important role in the aspects of system peak shaving, ensuring the quality of power supply and promoting the consumption of new energy sources. The powerhouse of hydropower station is the main body of the dynamic load and the hydraulic fluctuating load of the unit. The vibration problem of the powerhouse at home and abroad is very common and the vibration research of the powerhouse is especially important. Aiming at the vibration problem of powerhouse equipment, this paper analyzes and studies the connecting form of main powerhouse floor and upstream and downstream wall columns and the vibration isolation of equipment by using finite element method, which provides reference for the structural design and vibration control of hydropower station powerhouse. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the floor is the foundation of the instrument and the vibration characteristics of the floor have an important influence on the vibration of the instrument. Two methods for calculating the free vibration characteristics of the floor are presented in this paper. The natural vibration frequency and mode shape of the floor slab of the generator floor are calculated by the total mass method of the whole structure and the mass method of the local structure. The results show that the mass method of the local structure can better the vibration pattern and vibration law of the floor slab of the generator floor. Although the natural frequency of the same vibration mode is slightly smaller, the difference between the natural frequency of the same vibration mode and the total mass method is not large. The local structure has less calculation order by mass method and is simple to deal with. (2) the connecting condition between floor and surrounding structure and other structures has an important influence on the vibration characteristics of the floor. Therefore, in view of the two kinds of connection forms (consolidation, consolidation) of the floor slab of the main factory building and the wall column of the upper and lower reaches at present, The displacement and stress responses of different parts of the powerhouse superstructure under the action of load, fluctuating pressure and horizontal bi-directional earthquake are analyzed and compared. The results show that the connection type has a great influence on the local vibration characteristics of wall columns and floors, but has little effect on the whole vibration characteristics of the factory building. Under the condition of normal operation load and horizontal bi-directional earthquake, the consolidation scheme can significantly reduce the lateral vibration of upstream and downstream wall columns. Under the action of fluctuating pressure on the number of blades and the number of guide blades, the two schemes have their own advantages and disadvantages on the dynamic response of different parts of the factory building. (3) the vibration isolation measures of spring damping are adopted for the equipment foundation of the factory building. The effects of natural vibration frequency, damping ratio, horizontal to vertical natural frequency ratio, arrangement mode and mass of floating foundation on vibration isolation effect of vibration isolation system are studied. The research shows that the natural frequency of vibration isolation system has a great influence on the vibration isolation effect. It is necessary to consider the characteristics of dynamic load, the natural vibration characteristics of the foundation and the vibration response of the equipment foundation under the action of the dynamic load. Damping is beneficial to reduce the vibration response of the vibration isolation system to the low frequency vibration source and to the vibration response of the resonance region, and the large mass floating foundation is helpful to reduce the vibration response of the vibration isolation system to the medium and high frequency vibration sources. The effect of horizontal natural vibration frequency change and vibration isolator arrangement on the vertical vibration isolation effect of vibration isolation system can be ignored.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TV223;TV312
本文编号：2470504
[Abstract]:With the sustained development of China's economy and society and the increasing demand for energy, the problems of international energy forms and climate change are becoming more and more complex, and the constraints and contradictions faced by China's energy development will become more and more prominent. Water resources in China rank first in the world. Hydropower, as a clean energy, has mature technology and good output characteristics. It can not only meet the requirements of low-carbon economy, but also have comprehensive benefits such as flood control, irrigation, water supply, shipping, tourism, and so on. It has a broad prospect of development. At the same time, as the most economical and large-scale energy storage mode in the world, pumped storage power station plays an important role in the aspects of system peak shaving, ensuring the quality of power supply and promoting the consumption of new energy sources. The powerhouse of hydropower station is the main body of the dynamic load and the hydraulic fluctuating load of the unit. The vibration problem of the powerhouse at home and abroad is very common and the vibration research of the powerhouse is especially important. Aiming at the vibration problem of powerhouse equipment, this paper analyzes and studies the connecting form of main powerhouse floor and upstream and downstream wall columns and the vibration isolation of equipment by using finite element method, which provides reference for the structural design and vibration control of hydropower station powerhouse. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the floor is the foundation of the instrument and the vibration characteristics of the floor have an important influence on the vibration of the instrument. Two methods for calculating the free vibration characteristics of the floor are presented in this paper. The natural vibration frequency and mode shape of the floor slab of the generator floor are calculated by the total mass method of the whole structure and the mass method of the local structure. The results show that the mass method of the local structure can better the vibration pattern and vibration law of the floor slab of the generator floor. Although the natural frequency of the same vibration mode is slightly smaller, the difference between the natural frequency of the same vibration mode and the total mass method is not large. The local structure has less calculation order by mass method and is simple to deal with. (2) the connecting condition between floor and surrounding structure and other structures has an important influence on the vibration characteristics of the floor. Therefore, in view of the two kinds of connection forms (consolidation, consolidation) of the floor slab of the main factory building and the wall column of the upper and lower reaches at present, The displacement and stress responses of different parts of the powerhouse superstructure under the action of load, fluctuating pressure and horizontal bi-directional earthquake are analyzed and compared. The results show that the connection type has a great influence on the local vibration characteristics of wall columns and floors, but has little effect on the whole vibration characteristics of the factory building. Under the condition of normal operation load and horizontal bi-directional earthquake, the consolidation scheme can significantly reduce the lateral vibration of upstream and downstream wall columns. Under the action of fluctuating pressure on the number of blades and the number of guide blades, the two schemes have their own advantages and disadvantages on the dynamic response of different parts of the factory building. (3) the vibration isolation measures of spring damping are adopted for the equipment foundation of the factory building. The effects of natural vibration frequency, damping ratio, horizontal to vertical natural frequency ratio, arrangement mode and mass of floating foundation on vibration isolation effect of vibration isolation system are studied. The research shows that the natural frequency of vibration isolation system has a great influence on the vibration isolation effect. It is necessary to consider the characteristics of dynamic load, the natural vibration characteristics of the foundation and the vibration response of the equipment foundation under the action of the dynamic load. Damping is beneficial to reduce the vibration response of the vibration isolation system to the low frequency vibration source and to the vibration response of the resonance region, and the large mass floating foundation is helpful to reduce the vibration response of the vibration isolation system to the medium and high frequency vibration sources. The effect of horizontal natural vibration frequency change and vibration isolator arrangement on the vertical vibration isolation effect of vibration isolation system can be ignored.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TV223;TV312
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 朱胜;伍鹤皋;肖平西;刘建;侯攀;罗乾坤;;水电站厂房结构梁板柱系统动力特性研究[J];水利水电技术;2017年09期
2 卫洋波;陈婧;马震岳;;抽水蓄能电站地下主副厂房振动传递途径研究[J];水利与建筑工程学报;2017年04期
，本文编号：2470504
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