长江中游太平口水道治理适用性研究

发布时间：2019-05-24 05:29

【摘要】：三峡工程成功蓄水后,把上游大部分的水沙拦截在水库内,导致下游河段来水来沙条件以及河床演变规律发生巨大变化。太平口水道是三峡工程下游第一个沙质微弯分汊浅滩,受三峡工程的影响显著,滩槽格局调整剧烈,航道条件极不稳定,已成为长江干线航运的“卡口”,影响长江干线整体的通过能力,阻碍区域经济的协调发展。为使“黄江水道”发挥黄金效应,促进长江经济带的发展,迫切需要对近期太平口水道进行研究,开展航道治理工作,提高长江中游航道尺度,发挥长江航运潜能。本文在大量实测资料分析基础上,在新水沙条件下采用二维水沙数值模拟,对太平口水道的河床演变及碍航特性进行研究,并提出经济、有效、合理的航道整治措施,为该水道后续的治理提供借鉴,主要研究成果:(1)对三峡蓄水后,新水沙条件下太平口水道河床的历史演变、近期演进行了分析,探索目前该河段的水沙变化、河床冲淤、航道条件的变化规律,以及重点碍航浅滩形成原因及其相互影响的关系。(2)本文选取陈家湾至玉和坪长约22km的河段作为模型河段,建立二维水沙模型,并对模型进行定床和动床验证,利用模型对三峡蓄水后太平口水道的河床演变及航道格局发展趋势进行预测,得到太平口水道上段南槽航道条件始终优于北槽且稳定,北汊由于杨林矶边滩下段继续淤积右移而进一步朝不利方向发展,并且南汊有进一步发展趋势。(3)根据已建、再建工程,提出延续“南槽—北汊”为思路的整治方案一,并论证方案一中两种方案布置的可行性,另外,根据航道演变趋势,提出更具针对性、突破性的,以“南槽—南汊”为目标的治理方案二。(4)通过方案对比,得出方案一不仅工程量、投资大,耗费人力、物力,而且航道整治效果滞后,整治效果维持时间有限。因此,建议选取更加经济、有效,符合目前该航道演变趋势的方案二,作为该水道的后续治理方案。
[Abstract]:After the successful impoundment of the three Gorges Project, most of the water and sediment in the upper reaches are intercepted in the reservoir, which leads to great changes in the conditions of incoming water and sediment and the evolution of the riverbed in the downstream reach. Taipingkou waterway is the first sand micro-bend branch shoal in the lower reaches of the three Gorges Project. Affected by the three Gorges Project, the beach trough pattern is adjusted violently, and the channel conditions are very unstable. It has become the "blockage" of the Yangtze River main line shipping. Affect the overall capacity of the Yangtze River trunk line, hinder the coordinated development of regional economy. In order to make the "Huangjiang waterway" give full play to the golden effect and promote the development of the Yangtze River economic belt, it is urgent to study the Taiping Estuary waterway in the near future, carry out the waterway management work, improve the waterway scale in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, and give full play to the shipping potential of the Yangtze River. Based on the analysis of a large number of measured data, this paper studies the river bed evolution and navigation hindrance characteristics of Taiping Estuary waterway by using two-dimensional numerical simulation of water and sediment under the condition of new water and sediment, and puts forward some economical, effective and reasonable measures for waterway regulation. To provide reference for the follow-up treatment of the waterway, the main research results are as follows: (1) the historical evolution of Taiping Estuary waterway riverbed under the new water and sediment conditions after the three Gorges impoundment is analyzed recently, and the current water and sediment changes and the scouring and silting of the riverbed are explored. The changing law of channel conditions, the causes of formation of key obstacle shoals and the relationship between them. (2) in this paper, the reach of Chen Jiawan to Yuheping long about 22km is selected as the model reach, and a two-dimensional water and sediment model is established. The model is verified by fixed bed and moving bed, and the river bed evolution and waterway pattern development trend of Taiping Estuary waterway after the three Gorges impoundment are predicted by using the model, and it is obtained that the channel conditions of the south channel in the upper section of Taipingkou waterway are always better than those in the north channel and stable. The north branch further develops in a disadvantageous direction as the lower section of Yanglinji beach continues to silting to the right, and the south branch has a further development trend. (3) according to the built and rebuilt project, the regulation scheme of continuing the "south channel-north branch" is put forward. The feasibility of the arrangement of the two schemes in scheme one is demonstrated. In addition, according to the trend of waterway evolution, a more targeted and breakthrough control scheme with the goal of "south trough-south branch" is put forward. (4) through the comparison of the schemes, It is concluded that the first scheme not only has the advantages of large project quantity, large investment, consuming manpower and material resources, but also lags behind in the effect of waterway regulation and the maintenance time of the regulation effect is limited. Therefore, it is suggested that scheme II, which is more economical, effective and in line with the current trend of waterway evolution, should be selected as the follow-up treatment scheme of the waterway.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U617

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