矿山开采沉陷条件下地表水与地下水数值模拟及其量转化研究

发布时间：2019-06-11 23:02

【摘要】：淮南潘谢矿区大规模的煤炭开采,致使地表大面积沉陷,大范围积水区的形成必然会导致沉陷区地表水与浅层地下水发生变化。研究采煤沉陷条件下浅层地下水变化规律及影响因素,探求地表水与浅层地下水之间水资源量的转化规律,对于淮南矿区沉陷恢复治理,合理规划利用水资源,具有十分重要的现实意义。本文在深入调查淮南潘谢矿区地形地貌、水文地质条件、地面沉陷历史和现状及积水区域范围等基础上,选择封闭式和开放式两种类型的沉陷区作为研究对象,同时将顾桥矿沉陷区作为水位监测对照区,对沉陷区地表水及浅层地下水进行系统研究。利用遥感资料,调查潘谢矿区沉陷区积水范围情况,重点调查积水区域内补给和排泄途径,结合地面水文动态资料和开采沉陷预测资料,确定沉陷区边界及汇水面积。通过现场观测地表水和浅层地下水水位,开展土粒度和渗透性系数测试,得到降水量及蒸发量下沉陷区浅层地下水水位动态变化特征。在分析沉陷区地表水与浅层地下水水文地质条件的基础上,对两种类型的沉陷区含水层进行概化,建立基于“悬上河”模型的沉陷区水域与地下水之间的数学模型,并利用Visual MODFLOW软件建立研究区地下水流模型,对含水层水文地质参数进行识别,得到各个时期浅层地下水流场。依据识别后的水文地质模型,编程计算近一年的沉陷区地表水与浅层地下水之间的水资源转化量,得出封闭式沉陷区地下水补给地表水,补给量较小,丰水期降雨增多,越流量减小；开放式沉陷区的地表水与地下水之间呈现互补特征。
[Abstract]:The large-scale coal mining in Panxie mining area in Huainan leads to a large area of subsidence on the surface, and the formation of a large area of accumulated water will inevitably lead to the change of surface water and shallow groundwater in the subsidence area. It is of great practical significance to study the variation law and influencing factors of shallow groundwater under the condition of coal mining subsidence, and to explore the transformation law of water resources between surface water and shallow groundwater, which is of great practical significance for the restoration and treatment of subsidence and rational planning and utilization of water resources in Huainan mining area. On the basis of in-depth investigation of topography and geomorphology, hydrogeological conditions, history and present situation of surface subsidence and the scope of stagnant area, this paper selects closed and open subsidence area as the research object, and takes the subsidence area of Guqiao Mine as the water level monitoring control area, and makes a systematic study on the surface water and shallow groundwater in the subsidence area. Based on the remote sensing data, the water accumulation range in the subsidence area of Panxie mining area is investigated, and the recharge and drainage paths in the water accumulation area are investigated emphatically. combined with the surface hydrological dynamic data and the mining subsidence prediction data, the boundary of the subsidence area and the area of water sink are determined. Through the field observation of surface water and shallow groundwater level, the soil particle size and permeability coefficient are tested, and the dynamic variation characteristics of shallow groundwater level in subsidence area under precipitation and evaporation are obtained. On the basis of analyzing the hydrogeological conditions of surface water and shallow groundwater in subsidence area, the aquifer in two types of subsidence area is generalized, and the mathematical model between water area and groundwater in subsidence area based on "suspended River" model is established. The groundwater flow model in the study area is established by using Visual MODFLOW software, the hydrogeological parameters of aquifer are identified, and the shallow groundwater flow field in each period is obtained. According to the identified hydrogeological model, the transformation amount of water resources between surface water and shallow groundwater in subsidence area is calculated by programming, and it is concluded that the recharge of surface water in closed subsidence area is small, the rainfall increases and the flow rate decreases in high water period, and the surface water and groundwater in open subsidence area show complementary characteristics.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P641;P339

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