超长引水隧洞贯通误差控制关键技术研究

发布时间：2019-07-02 20:31

【摘要】：随着我国水利工程事业的蓬勃发展,越来越多的超长水工隧洞相继开挖,但由于长大隧洞洞内特殊的测量环境,导致仍然有一些亟待解决的测量技术难题。针对长大隧洞测量控制工程实践当中所面临的一系列问题,迫切需要进行一些相应的研究及探讨,尽快形成科学合理的洞内外测量控制方法和技术标准,并指导现场施工。鉴于此,本文的主要研究内容包括以下几点:第一,介绍了根据洞外GPS网误差严密计算横向贯通误差影响值的方法,同时,详细介绍了自由测站精密三角高程测量方法,并比较了精密三角高程测量试验结果与二等水准测量结果的差异情况。第二,提出了顾及对中误差影响的平面控制网精度仿真计算方法,完善了控制网精度仿真计算理论。基于该仿真计算新技术,提出了洞内横向贯通误差预计的新方法;分别就测距误差、方向测量误差和对中误差对横向摆动的影响单独进行了仿真计算,结果表明测距误差对横向摆动影响极小,方向测量误差和对中误差对横向摆动影响很大;通过改变导线网横向间距大小的计算实验,结果表明此项技术改进在尽量避免了旁折光影响的同时,还不会降低控制网的横向精度。第三,对垂线偏差影响联系测量精度的情况进行了定性的分析,得出最好的避免垂线偏差影响的洞外控制点布点方式;然后设计了进洞联系测量试验,对试验结果进行分析,得出了最优的进洞联系测量及其数据处理方法;对洞内导线网加测陀螺边的情况进行了仿真计算,确定了最佳的陀螺定向边加测位置;同时,分析了顾及陀螺边定向误差时陀螺边的加测对导线网精度的影响情况,结果表明,陀螺边的加测对于控制洞内导线网横向摆动有着显著的优化作用。
[Abstract]:With the vigorous development of water conservancy projects in our country, more and more super-long hydraulic tunnels have been excavated one after another, but because of the special measurement environment in the long and large tunnels, there are still some technical problems to be solved urgently. In view of a series of problems faced in the practice of long tunnel survey and control engineering, it is urgent to carry out some corresponding research and discussion, form scientific and reasonable measurement and control methods and technical standards inside and outside the tunnel as soon as possible, and guide the field construction. In view of this, the main research contents of this paper include the following points: first, the method of calculating the influence value of transverse penetration error according to the error of GPS net outside the hole is introduced. at the same time, the precision trigonometric leveling method of free surveying station is introduced in detail, and the difference between the test results of precision trigonometric leveling and the results of second grade leveling is compared. Secondly, the accuracy simulation method of planar control network considering the influence of medium error is put forward, and the theory of precision simulation calculation of control network is improved. Based on the new simulation technology, a new method for predicting the transverse penetration error in the hole is proposed, and the effects of ranging error, direction measurement error and alignment error on the lateral swing are simulated separately, the results show that the ranging error has little effect on the transverse swing, and the direction measurement error and the alignment error have a great influence on the transverse swing. Through the calculation experiment of changing the transverse spacing of the wire network, the results show that the improvement of this technique not only avoids the influence of side refraction as far as possible, but also does not reduce the transverse accuracy of the control network. Thirdly, the influence of vertical deviation on the accuracy of contact measurement is analyzed qualitatively, and the best way to avoid the influence of vertical deviation is obtained, and then the experiment of hole entry connection measurement is designed, and the test results are analyzed, and the optimal method of hole entry connection measurement and its data processing are obtained. The optimum position of gyro directional edge is determined by simulation calculation of the wire network in the hole, and the influence of the gyro edge addition on the accuracy of the wire network is analyzed when the gyro edge orientation error is taken into account. The results show that the gyro edge addition plays a significant role in optimizing the lateral swing of the guide network in the control hole.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TV554

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