疏勒河中游绿洲生态环境需水研究——Ⅰ.方法与参数选取

发布时间：2019-08-17 12:54

【摘要】：干旱内陆河流域绿洲生态环境需水研究是内陆河流域水资源综合管理和优化配置、保护和恢复生态环境中最为关键的科学问题之一,本研究针对疏勒河中游绿洲生态环境现状以及天然植被、河流湖泊等生态需水特征,建立了基于天然植被、河流、湿地和防治耕地盐碱化的疏勒河中游绿洲生态环境需水定量化模型,以期为干旱内陆河流域绿洲生态环境需水研究提供一种可借鉴方法。模型计算结果表明,疏勒河中游绿洲2013年天然植被、河流基本生态、河流输沙、河流渗漏补给、水面蒸发和湿地生态环境需水量分别为1.90×108m3、1.00×108m3、1.11×108m3、0.83×108m3、0.68×108m3、2.70×108m3。根据目前疏勒河流域中游绿洲水资源与生态环境现状,应加强水资源的综合管理,协调农业用水与生态用水关系以及不同区域和不同部门间水资源配置量,提高水资源综合利用效率;进一步制定中游绿洲近期和远期生态保护和生态恢复目标,确定生态综合治理重点区,准确计算基于生态保护目标的流域中游绿洲生态需水量及阈值。
[Abstract]:The study on ecological environment water demand of oasis in arid inland river basin is one of the most key scientific problems in comprehensive management and optimal allocation of water resources, protection and restoration of ecological environment in inland river basin. According to the present situation of oasis ecological environment and the characteristics of natural vegetation, rivers and lakes in the middle reaches of Shule River, this study establishes based on natural vegetation, river, river and so on. The quantitative model of ecological environment water demand of oasis in the middle reaches of Shule River is studied in order to provide a reference method for the study of ecological environment water demand of oasis in arid inland river basin. The results of model calculation show that the natural vegetation, river basic ecology, river sediment transport, river leakage recharge, water surface evaporation and wetland ecological environment water demand are 1.90 脳 108m3, 1.00 脳 108m3, 1.11 脳 108m3, 0.83 脳 108m3, 0.68 脳 108m3, 2.70 脳 108m3, 1.11 脳 108m3, 0.83 脳 108m3, 0.68 脳 108m3, 2.70 脳 108m3, 1.90 脳 108m3, 1.11 脳 108m3, 0.83 脳 108m3, 0.68 脳 108m3, 2.70 脳 108m3, respectively. According to the present situation of water resources and ecological environment in the middle reaches of Shule River Basin, we should strengthen the comprehensive management of water resources, coordinate the relationship between agricultural water use and ecological water use, and the allocation of water resources in different regions and different departments, so as to improve the efficiency of comprehensive utilization of water resources. The short-term and long-term ecological protection and ecological restoration objectives of the middle reaches oasis are further formulated, the key points of ecological comprehensive management are determined, and the ecological water demand and threshold of the middle reaches oasis based on the ecological protection goal are calculated accurately.
【作者单位】：甘肃省水利科学研究院;甘肃省水利厅水土保持局;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目“疏勒河流域中游绿洲生态需水过程与阈值研究”(51369004)和“气候与土地利用变化对石羊河流域水资源影响研究”(51369003) 水利部公益性行业科研专项“疏勒河中游绿洲水—经济—生态系统耦合调控技术”(201301081)
【分类号】：TV213.4;X143

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