基于语义网的语义搜索的研究与应用

发布时间：2018-11-17 13:44

【摘要】：随着互联网技术的不断普及，网络凭借其海量的数据资源以及信息的时效性，已经成为了越来越多人获取知识的首选。然而，当人们享受着互联网时代带来便利的同时，一些问题也随之产生。在人们使用第二代搜索引擎时发现，目前的检索模式大多采用的是基于关键词和文本内容严格匹配的方式。这样做会致使检索结果对检索条件依赖性较高，并且不能对信息间隐含的内容进行挖掘，检索过程缺少必要的推理、联想能力，，最终导致检索结果在精准率方面尚不能让人满意。于是语义搜索被提出，语义搜索在原有基于关键词匹配的检索模式基础上，充分发挥语义网，尤其是本体技术重视推理、互联的优势，使得构造出的检索模式可以尽可能的仿照人类的思维去运作，达到提高检索效果的目标。面向服务模式中的SaaS（Software-as-a-service，软件即服务）模式近些年凭借其低廉的软硬件成本以及灵活的个性化服务，成为了软件行业的发展趋势。并且它所提倡的资源共享理念与语义搜索的设计初衷相一致。为了将语义搜索模型应用于SaaS模式中，首先需要构建出可以充分发挥语义关系优势的检索模型。在传统搜索模型的基础上，总结出可以体现语义搜索特点的三个关键问题，分别是：检索条件预处理、关键词语义相关性扩展以及检索结果排序。并根据语义技术的特点，对上述三个问题进行了详细的设计，提出解决方案。之后将上述研究成果带回检索模型，构建了基于语义技术的检索模型框架。其次，对该模型的应用环境进行描述，并结合语义搜索模型的需要和环境的特点，对语义搜索服务平台完成了需求分析。最后，从语义搜索服务平台的需求出发，将其分为注册/登录、权限管理、语义参数管理和语义搜索等多个模块，按照软件工程的主要流程分别对它们中的核心功能进行了设计与实现。从而使用户可以以服务的形式享受到更加个性化并且检索效果更智能、精准的检索服务。无论是从提高检索结果的查全率、查准率方面，还是从避免资源浪费，达到信息共享目的的角度，将语义搜索应用于软件即服务模式下都具有极大的现实意义。值得我们进一步的研究与设计。
[Abstract]:With the continuous popularization of Internet technology, the network has become the first choice for more and more people to acquire knowledge because of its massive data resources and the timeliness of information. However, when people enjoy the convenience of the Internet era, some problems also arise. When people use the second generation search engine, it is found that most of the current retrieval modes are based on the strict matching of keywords and text content. In this way, the retrieval result is highly dependent on the retrieval condition, and the hidden content between the information can not be mined, and the retrieval process lacks the necessary reasoning and association ability. As a result, the retrieval results are not satisfactory in terms of accuracy. So semantic search is put forward, semantic search is based on the original retrieval mode based on keyword matching, and gives full play to the advantages of semantic web, especially ontology technology, which attaches importance to reasoning and interconnection. So that the retrieval model can be as much as possible to mimic the human thinking to operate, to achieve the goal of improving the retrieval effect. In recent years, SaaS (Software-as-a-service, Software as Service) model in service-oriented mode has become the development trend of software industry because of its low cost of software and hardware and flexible personalized service. And the concept of resource sharing advocated by it is consistent with the original intention of semantic search. In order to apply the semantic search model to the SaaS schema, it is necessary to construct a retrieval model that can give full play to the advantages of semantic relations. On the basis of the traditional search model, three key problems which can embody the characteristics of semantic search are summarized, namely: the preprocessing of retrieval conditions, the extension of semantic correlation of keywords and the ranking of retrieval results. According to the characteristics of semantic technology, the above three problems are designed in detail and the solutions are put forward. Then, the above research results are brought back to the retrieval model, and the retrieval model framework based on semantic technology is constructed. Secondly, the application environment of the model is described, and the requirement analysis of the semantic search service platform is completed according to the needs of the semantic search model and the characteristics of the environment. Finally, according to the requirements of semantic search service platform, it is divided into registration / login, privilege management, semantic parameter management and semantic search, etc. The core functions are designed and implemented according to the main flow of software engineering. Thus, users can enjoy more individualized and more intelligent and accurate retrieval services in the form of services. It is of great practical significance to apply semantic search to the service mode of software whether from the aspects of improving the recall and precision of retrieval results or avoiding the waste of resources and achieving the purpose of information sharing. It is worth our further research and design.
【学位授予单位】：北京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TP391.1

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