现代养殖场智能监控系统研究与设计

发布时间：2018-01-30 03:35

本文关键词： 养殖场环境监控 ZigBee 无线传感器网络覆盖优化　出处：《西南石油大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当前,我国的畜禽养殖业正逐渐向着现代化、规模化的方向发展,封闭式的畜禽养殖场被广泛运用于禽类的饲养管理,但与此同时,规模化养殖场的养殖风险也在增加。由养殖场内环境恶化所引起的畜禽大量死亡,不但造成巨大的经济损失,而且易引起多种传染疾病,危害人类健康。因此实现现代有效的养殖场环境监控措施,不仅可以及时防止传染疾病的发生,还有利于畜禽的健康生长和提升产品品质。传统的有线环境监控系统不仅存在布线复杂、设备移动性较差等缺点,同时给系统的更新和维护带来不便。随着无线传感器网络技术的发展,这种具有自组织、可靠性高、易于维护等特点的技术为现代养殖场环境监控的智能化提供了新的解决方案。本文在研究了无线传感器网络和ZigBee技术的基础上,以家兔为例分析了主要影响其生长的环境因素,并以温度、湿度、光照和氨气作为监测对象,采用ZigBee技术设计实现一个现代养殖场的环境监控系统。系统的设计主要分为各节点的硬件设计、软件设计和上位机监控软件设计三个部分。在系统硬件部分采用协调器节点、路由器节点、传感器节点和控制节点组建养殖场内的无线传感器网络,进行了各节点的硬件电路设计,并在Z-stack协议栈的基础上,设计了各节点的软件程序,实现了对养殖场内环境信息的采集、传输和调控。在上位机部分利用C#对上位机监控软件界面进行设计开发,完成了对环境数据的实时显示、历史查询、数据库存储以及曲线绘制等功能,并设计基于B/S架构的Web远程客户端数据查询系统,实现远程用户对养殖场环境数据的查询。同时,论文研究了无线传感器网络节点的优化部署问题,通过改进的PSO算法搜索传感器节点的最优位置,实现网络覆盖范围的最大化,减少覆盖盲区,并以一间兔舍的覆盖率为优化目标进行了仿真实验。经过实验测试表明,系统组网灵活,可靠性较高,能够有效实现对养殖场环境数据的实时监测、历史查询、报警和控制,系统功能基本达到设计要求,提高了养殖场环境监控的智能化程度,具有一定的应用前景。
[Abstract]:At present, the livestock and poultry breeding industry in our country is gradually developing towards the direction of modernization and scale. Closed livestock farms are widely used in the management of poultry, but at the same time. The risk of large-scale breeding farms is also increasing. A large number of livestock and poultry deaths caused by the deterioration of the environment in the farms not only cause huge economic losses but also easily cause a variety of infectious diseases. It is harmful to human health. Therefore, the realization of modern and effective environmental monitoring measures can not only prevent the occurrence of infectious diseases in time. It is also beneficial to the healthy growth of livestock and poultry and improve the quality of products. The traditional wired environment monitoring system not only has the shortcomings of complex wiring and poor equipment mobility. With the development of wireless sensor network technology, it has self-organization and high reliability. The technology of easy maintenance provides a new solution for the intelligent monitoring of environment in modern farms. Based on the research of wireless sensor networks and ZigBee technology, the environmental factors which mainly affect the growth of rabbits were analyzed, and temperature, humidity, light and ammonia gas were used as the monitoring objects. Using ZigBee technology to design and implement a modern farm environment monitoring system. The design of the system is divided into the hardware design of each node. In the hardware part of the system, the coordinator node, the router node, the sensor node and the control node are used to form the wireless sensor network in the farm. The hardware circuit of each node is designed, and the software program of each node is designed on the basis of Z-stack protocol stack. The collection of environmental information in the farm is realized. Transmission and control. In the part of PC, we use C # to design and develop the monitoring software interface of PC, and complete the functions of real-time display of environment data, history query, database storage and curve drawing and so on. The Web remote client data query system based on B / S architecture is designed to realize the remote users' querying of farm environment data. At the same time, the optimal deployment of wireless sensor network nodes is studied in this paper. The improved PSO algorithm is used to search the optimal location of sensor nodes to maximize the coverage of the network and reduce the blind area. The simulation experiment is carried out with the coverage of a rabbit house as the optimal target. The experimental results show that the system is flexible and reliable. It can effectively realize the real-time monitoring, historical inquiry, alarm and control of the environmental data of the farm, and the system functions basically meet the design requirements. It improves the intelligent degree of environment monitoring and has a certain application prospect.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TP277;TN92;TP212.9

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