超宽带平面螺旋天线小型化和低剖面研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 14:57

本文选题：超宽带 + 平面螺旋天线　；参考：《江苏科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：平面螺旋天线是一种常见的超宽带天线,具有频带宽、圆极化性能好、体积小、易于共形等优点,已经被广泛的应用在国防领域和移动通信领域。本文根据相关理论对平面螺旋天线的小型化和低剖面设计展开了研究。本文的主要研究成果可归纳如下:(1)设计了一个“等角螺旋+阿基米德螺旋+槽隙缝”的复合结构平面螺旋天线。在天线的优化上,设计了一种“加载双层铜环+跨接电阻”的复合改进方式。最后,将多目标粒子群优化算法与电磁仿真软件相结合,利用Matlab软件将10台计算机组进局域网,用分布式并行计算方式对双层铜环参数和电阻参数进行优化。仿真结果表明,天线在1.1-18GHz频段内回波损耗小于-10dB,在0.8-18GHz频段内轴比小于3dB,且直径仅为53.62mm,达到了小型化设计要求。(2)设计了一种新型的小型化超宽带光子晶体埋藏式巴伦阻抗变换器,使用埋藏式的“指数型渐变微带线—平行传输双线”方式完成了不平衡馈线到平衡天线的转化和阻抗匹配,并将圆柱形晶格阵列引入到了巴伦中。仿真结果表明,该光子晶体埋藏式巴伦可以在2-18GHz频段内进行50-130?的阻抗转化,S11、S21参数均满足相关指标,且尺寸仅为20mm?5mm?5mm,达到了低剖面的设计要求。(3)对天馈系统进行了整体仿真,由于巴伦和天线间距过小,两者产生了耦合和相互干扰,使得高频段性能恶化。针对这个问题,本文提出了基于等效电阻性表面和基于有限电导率层的两种隔离方式对天馈系统进行了改进。(4)针对某些使用场合需要平面螺旋天线进行单向辐射的问题,本文设计了基于吸波锥的单向辐射系统和基于频率选择表面的单向辐射系统。仿真结果表明,两种系统的S11、轴比、增益均满足指标要求,且系统整体尺寸仅为60mm?60mm?30mm,达到了小型化和低剖面的设计要求。(5)研制了天馈系统的实物样机,并对天馈系统进行了实验测量,测试结果和仿真结果基本一致,满足了工程应用的要求。
[Abstract]:Planar spiral antenna is a common ultra-wideband antenna. It has many advantages such as high frequency bandwidth, good circular polarization, small size and easy conformal. It has been widely used in the field of national defense and mobile communication. The miniaturization and low profile design of planar helical antenna are studied in this paper. The main research results of this paper can be summarized as follows: (1) A planar helical antenna with "equal angle spiral Archimedes spiral slot" is designed. In the aspect of antenna optimization, a compound improvement method of "loading double layer copper ring straddle resistance" is designed. Finally, the multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm is combined with electromagnetic simulation software, 10 computers are grouped into LAN by Matlab software, and the parameters of double-layer copper ring and resistance are optimized by distributed parallel calculation. The simulation results show that the echo loss in 1.1-18GHz band is less than -10 dB, the axial ratio in 0.8-18GHz band is less than 3 dB, and the diameter is only 53.62 mm, which meets the miniaturization design requirement.) A new miniature ultra-wideband photonic crystal buried Barron impedance converter is designed. The transformation and impedance matching between the unbalanced feeder and the balanced antenna are accomplished by using the buried "exponential gradual microstrip line-parallel transmission two-wire" method, and the cylindrical lattice array is introduced into Barron. The simulation results show that the photonic crystal buried Barron can be carried out in the 2-18GHz band 50-130? The parameters of S11 / S21 are all up to the relevant indexes, and the size is only 20mm / 5mm / 5mm, which meets the design requirement of low profile. The whole simulation of the antenna feed system is carried out. Because of the small spacing between Barron and antenna, the coupling and mutual interference between the two systems are produced. Make the performance of high frequency band deteriorate. In order to solve this problem, two isolation methods based on the equivalent resistance surface and the finite conductivity layer are proposed to improve the antenna system. In this paper, unidirectional radiation system based on absorbing cone and unidirectional radiation system based on frequency selective surface are designed. The simulation results show that the S11, axle ratio and gain of the two systems meet the requirements of the index, and the overall size of the system is only 60 mm / 60 mm / 30 mm, which meets the design requirements of miniaturization and low profile. The test results are consistent with the simulation results, which meet the requirements of engineering application.
【学位授予单位】：江苏科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TN822.8

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