量子信息技术发展概况

发布时间：2018-04-13 21:01

本文选题：量子信息 + 量子物理　；参考：《南京邮电大学学报(自然科学版)》2017年03期

【摘要】：文中简介了量子信息物理的一些基础知识,综述了近期科学家在量子信息技术的几个主要方向上所取得的重要研究进展,其中包括量子计算、量子模拟、量子通信、量子密码和量子传感等。在量子计算方面,科学家在半导体和超导等体系上操控量子比特方面已取得重大突破。在量子模拟方面,通过使用线性光学元件实现了对Kibble-Zurek机制等现象的实验验证。在量子通信方面,构建量子网络的关键器件——量子存储器的性能得到了飞速提升。在量子密码方面,城域、城际量子网络已经初步建成,全球量子保密通信网络很有希望在不远的将来实现。在量子传感方面,在利用金刚石中的NV色心等体系的研究上已取得显著进步。最后我们对量子信息科学的未来发展趋势做了进一步展望。
[Abstract]:In this paper, some basic knowledge of quantum information physics is briefly introduced, and some important research advances in quantum information technology, including quantum computing, quantum simulation, quantum communication, are reviewed.Quantum cryptography and quantum sensing.In quantum computing, scientists have made great breakthroughs in the manipulation of quantum bits in semiconductors and superconductors.In quantum simulation, the phenomena such as Kibble-Zurek mechanism are verified by using linear optical elements.In the aspect of quantum communication, the performance of quantum memory, which is the key device to construct quantum network, has been improved rapidly.In the field of quantum cryptography, the metropolitan and inter-city quantum networks have been preliminarily built, and the global quantum secure communication network is expected to be realized in the near future.In the field of quantum sensing, great progress has been made in the use of NV color centers in diamond.Finally, the future development trend of quantum information science is prospected.
【作者单位】：南京邮电大学通信与信息工程学院;中国科学技术大学量子信息重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(61475197,61590932) 江苏省高校自然科学基金重大项目(15KJA120002) 江苏省杰出青年基金(BK20150039)资助项目
【分类号】：O413

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