北斗高精度定位中周跳的探测与修复方法研究

发布时间：2018-06-09 01:29

本文选题：北斗卫星导航 + 高精度定位　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为可以和美国GPS相媲美的全球四大卫星导航系统之一——北斗导航,是我国独立研究开发的且是目前唯一一个具有发送短报文信息能力的导航系统,在海、陆、空等方方面面都有着举足轻重的作用。采用伪距定位已不能满足高精度的要求,因此需要用观测精度较高的载波相位观测值来进行定位。然而,采用载波相位定位方式存在周跳的问题,若不进行处理,将使定位精度大打折扣。本文针对北斗载波相位定位中周跳探测与修复方法进行研究,为北斗高精度定位周跳探测与修复提供理论参考。在单频周跳探测与修复方法的基础之上,结合三频线性组合理论,将单频周跳探测扩展到北斗三频周跳探测与修复中,并且重点研究了小周跳的探测与修复,将载波相位中传统的时域周跳探测方法延伸到频率域,用频域的信号处理的方法来有效分析小周跳。主要研究工作如下:(1)对单频载波相位观测值中发生的小周跳,用SVD及Hilbert分量包络变换的方法进行探测,可实现小周跳的识别与定位。(2)研究了三频载波相位组合观测量的特性,将三频伪距相位和电离层残差法相结合应用到北斗三频载波相位周跳探测中,构建3个线性不相关的三频组合周跳检验量,可实现任意周跳组合的探测,并且此方法可保持组合模糊度的整周特性,将周跳探测出来之后,只需对探测出的周跳值进行取整代替该历元的观测值即可完成周跳的修复。(3)探索了采样率的不同会对三频组合周跳检验量产生的影响,选取不同采样率的观测数据,用三频无几何相位和电离层残差法相结合构建组合周跳检验量,对比不同采样率下的三频组合周跳检验量特性,得到最佳采样率。(4)采用超宽巷和二阶历元差分的方法构造组合周跳检验量,提高了三频周跳检验量的灵敏度,在电离层剧烈变化的情况下探测周跳;结合奇异性探测原理,将观测值中发生的周跳视为奇异点,利用小波变换对信号"放大",将含有周跳这种突变信息的周跳检验量进行小波分解,确定三频观测数据中周跳发生的历元。
[Abstract]:As one of the world's four largest satellite navigation systems comparable to the United States GPS, Beidou navigation is the only navigation system that has been independently researched and developed in our country and is the only one with the ability to send short message information at present. It plays an important role in the sea, land, and the air, and the use of pseudo distance positioning can not satisfy the high precision. Therefore, it is necessary to locate the carrier phase observation with high observational accuracy. However, there is a problem of cycle jumping with carrier phase positioning. If it is not processed, the positioning precision will be discounted. This paper studies the circumferential jump detection and the compound method of the Beidou carrier phase positioning for the high precision positioning of the Beidou. The detection and repair provide theoretical reference. On the basis of the single frequency hopping detection and repair method, combined with the three frequency linear combination theory, the single frequency hopping detection is extended to the Beidou three frequency hopping detection and repair, and the detection and repair of the small cycle jump is focused on, and the traditional time domain cycle hopping detection method in the carrier phase is extended to the frequency. Domain, the method of signal processing in frequency domain is used to analyze the small cycle hops effectively. The main research work is as follows: (1) the detection of the small cycle in the phase observation of single frequency carrier is carried out by SVD and Hilbert component envelope transformation. (2) the characteristics of the three frequency carrier phase combination observation are studied and the three frequency is studied. The pseudo range phase and the ionospheric residual method are combined to be applied to the tri frequency carrier phase hopping detection of the Beidou. 3 linear uncorrelated three frequency combination cycle tests can be constructed to detect the combination of arbitrary cycle hops, and this method can maintain the whole cycle characteristic of the combined ambiguity. After the cycle jump is detected, only the circumferential jump values are detected. (3) explore the influence of the different sampling rate on the three frequency combination cycle test, select the observation data of different sampling rates, and use the three frequency ungeometric phase and the ionospheric residual method to construct the group cycle jump test, and compare the three frequency under the different sampling rates. The optimum sampling rate is obtained. (4) the combination of the ultra wide lane and the two order epoch difference method constructs the combined cycle jump test, improves the sensitivity of the frequency of the three frequency cycle jump test, and detectthe cycle jump in the case of the violent ionosphere change, and combines the singularity detection to see the cycle jump occurring in the observed value as a singularity point. The wavelet transform is used to amplify the signal, and the cycle slip test with cycle slip information is decomposed by wavelet transform to determine the epoch occurrence of the cycle slip in the three frequency observation data.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN967.1

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