基于ZYNQ-7000的动态电源管理研究

发布时间：2018-06-19 02:25

本文选题：动态电源管理 + 嵌入式测控系统　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着电子系统功能的增强以及电路集成度不断提高,电子系统的能量消耗也在迅速增加,而过高的功耗会影响到电子系统的使用寿命。因此为了提高电子系统可靠性,如何在保证系统性能的同时优化电子系统的功耗成为了设计者面临的关键问题。动态电源管理可以从不同层次对嵌入式系统的功耗进行优化,成为了嵌入式系统低功耗设计的热点。本文主要从系统级和体系结构级对嵌入式系统进行动态电源管理的研究,根据嵌入式系统不同的运行状态,分别采用结合动态频率调节技术的节能任务调度算法和动态功耗管理策略对系统功耗进行优化。本文的硬件平台为基于ZYNQ的嵌入式测控系统,文中对该平台划分了不同的低功耗工作模式,并建立了功耗管理模型。本文通过分析嵌入式系统执行任务过程中采用静态优先级调度算法和动态优先级算法的优缺点,在Linux系统中实现了算法复杂度低且性能较稳定的RM调度算法,并结合动态频率调节技术,对任务执行过程中的功耗进行优化。针对RM算法调度过程中具有相同优先级的任务可能无法及时公平地得到响应的弱点,本文设计了RM调度算法与时间片轮转调度算法相结合的改进算法,有效降低了任务的平均周转时间。当系统暂时没有任务处于就绪队列时,Linux系统会执行空闲进程,进入空闲模式。由于频繁地模式切换会产生额外的能量消耗,针对这一情况,本文通过对Linux内核中功耗管理模块的研究与修改,设计并实现了采用双超时阈值Timeout算法的动态功耗管理策略,两个超时阈值的设定是为了根据空闲时间的长度来控制系统的正常工作模式跟空闲模式和休眠模式之间切换的时机,在硬件平台测试中表明改进的动态功耗管理策略使得系统模式切换次数有所降低。在测试中表明本文设计的动态电源管理方案能够在保证系统性能的同时,有效降低系统的功耗。
[Abstract]:With the enhancement of the function of electronic system and the improvement of circuit integration, the energy consumption of electronic system is increasing rapidly, and the high power consumption will affect the service life of electronic system. Therefore, in order to improve the reliability of electronic system, how to optimize the power consumption of electronic system while ensuring the system performance has become a key problem for designers. Dynamic power management can optimize the power consumption of embedded system from different levels and become the focus of low power design of embedded system. This paper mainly studies the dynamic power management of embedded system from the system level and architecture level, according to the different running state of the embedded system, The energy saving task scheduling algorithm and the dynamic power management strategy are used to optimize the power consumption of the system. The hardware platform of this paper is an embedded measurement and control system based on ZYNQ. This paper divides the platform into different low power working modes and establishes a power management model. This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of static priority scheduling algorithm and dynamic priority scheduling algorithm in the execution of embedded system. The RM scheduling algorithm with low complexity and stable performance is implemented in Linux system. Combined with dynamic frequency regulation technology, the power consumption during task execution is optimized. Aiming at the weakness that tasks with the same priority in RM scheduling process may not be responded in a timely and fair manner, an improved algorithm combining RM scheduling algorithm with time slice rotation scheduling algorithm is designed in this paper. Effectively reduces the average turnaround time of the task. Linux systems execute idle processes and enter idle mode when there is no task in the ready queue for the time being. Because of the extra energy consumption caused by frequent mode switching, this paper designs and implements a dynamic power management strategy based on the dual-timeout algorithm through the research and modification of the power management module in the Linux kernel. The two timeout thresholds are set to control the timing of switching between the normal working mode of the system and the idle and dormant modes according to the length of the idle time. In the hardware platform test, it is shown that the improved dynamic power management strategy can reduce the number of system mode switching. The test results show that the dynamic power management scheme designed in this paper can effectively reduce the power consumption of the system while ensuring the performance of the system.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN86

【参考文献】