基于物联网的水产养殖测控系统的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-06-24 07:33

本文选题：物联网 + 水产养殖　；参考：《江苏大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前我国已经成为水产养殖大国,养殖产量和规模都位居世界前列,但随着养殖种类的增多,传统粗放式养殖易造成水体污染,给水产养殖行业带来巨大的经济损失。因此,利用新兴技术及时准确的获取养殖环境数据,合理增氧、科学投饲成为一种发展趋势。在这种背景下引入物联网技术可以使养殖生物生长在最适宜的环境里,对提高养殖产量,达到高产高效的目的,具有重要的意义和应用前景。本文根据物联网的三层架构,设计了基于物联网的水产养殖测控系统,本文主要完成的工作如下:(1)针对养殖水域空旷无遮挡的特点,构建了由太阳能供电的水质监测节点,以减少线路腐蚀带来的维护成本。该节点对水质中的水温、溶氧和pH进行监测,采用标准的MODBUS-RTU协议进行水质参数传输。(2)构建了由光耦继电器和交流接触器组成的设备控制节点。其中,光耦继电器接收到指令后,继电器控制交流接触器吸合或断开,从而控制连接在交流接触器上的设备开启或关闭;光耦继电器利用光耦信号获取设备运行状态。(3)根据需求构建了嵌入式网关的硬件部分。该部分主要包括SIM900A GPRS模块、STM32单片机、RS485通信接口、时钟模块、存储模块以及电源模块。(4)构建了水产养殖现场的ZigBee无线传感网络以减少布线。水质监测节点通过ZigBee网络将采集的水质参数发送到嵌入式网关。同样,嵌入式网关接收到指令后,通过ZigBee网络将指令发送到设备控制节点,设备控制节点反馈执行状态。(5)设计并实现了由嵌入式网关、服务器和Android客户端组成的软件部分。嵌入式网关实现了养殖环境数据上传、监听服务器的指令并进行实时数据获取、增氧机和投饲机的远程、定时以及自动控制;服务器实现了嵌入式网关与Android客户端之间的通信、养殖数据存储以及Android客户端数据查询接口;Android客户端设计了人机交互界面,并实现了实时养殖数据展示、三种模式的设备控制、历史数据查询等功能。
[Abstract]:At present, China has become a large country of aquaculture, and the production and scale of aquaculture are among the top in the world. However, with the increase of species of aquaculture, the traditional extensive culture can easily cause water pollution and bring huge economic losses to the aquaculture industry. Therefore, it is a development trend to obtain the data of breeding environment timely and accurately, to increase oxygen reasonably and to feed scientifically. In this context, the introduction of the Internet of things technology can make aquaculture organisms grow in the most suitable environment, which has important significance and application prospect to increase the yield of aquaculture and achieve the purpose of high yield and high efficiency. According to the three-layer architecture of the Internet of things, this paper designs a measurement and control system for aquaculture based on the Internet of things. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) aiming at the characteristics of open and unobstructed aquaculture waters, a solar powered water quality monitoring node is constructed. To reduce the maintenance costs associated with line corrosion. The node monitors the water temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH in water quality, and transmits the water quality parameters by the standard MODBUS-RTU protocol. (2) an equipment control node composed of optical coupling relay and AC contactor is constructed. After receiving the instruction, the optical coupling relay controls the AC contactor to be sucked or disconnected, thereby controlling the device connected to the AC contactor to open or close. The optical coupling relay uses the optical coupling signal to obtain the running state of the device. (3) the hardware part of the embedded gateway is constructed according to the requirement. This part mainly includes SIM900A GPRS module STM32 single chip microcomputer RS485 communication interface clock module storage module and power supply module. (4) ZigBee wireless sensor network in aquaculture field is constructed to reduce wiring. The water quality monitoring node sends the collected water quality parameters to the embedded gateway via ZigBee network. Similarly, after receiving the instruction, the embedded gateway sends the instruction to the device control node through ZigBee network, and the device control node feedback execution state. (5) the software part composed of embedded gateway, server and Android client is designed and implemented. The embedded gateway realizes the data uploading of the culture environment, monitoring the instructions of the server and real-time data acquisition, remote, timing and automatic control of the oxygenator and the feeder, and the communication between the embedded gateway and the Android client, the server realizes the communication between the embedded gateway and the Android client. The man-machine interactive interface is designed for the storage of aquaculture data and the Android client data query interface. The functions of real-time breeding data display, equipment control of three modes and historical data query are realized.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S951.2;TP391.44;TN929.5

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