基于能量优化的Ad Hoc网络路由协议研究

发布时间：2018-07-04 19:59

本文选题：Ad + Hoc网络　；参考：《西南科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：Ad Hoc网络是一种多跳的无线通信网络,由大量具有无线收发功能的移动节点组成。Ad Hoc网络具有自组织、动态拓扑、多跳性等特点,不需要固定的硬件基础设施。节点通常使用电池供电导致能量受限,Ad Hoc网络能量受限的问题已成为研究的重点。蚁群算法一种性能优良的启发式算法,具有自组织性、正反馈性和分布式计算等特点,通常用于解决复杂的组合优化问题。本文考虑到蚁群算法的特点与Ad Hoc网络的相似性,将蚁群算法应用到AODV路由协议中,优化路由选路质量。现有Ad Hoc典型路由协议大多是基于最小跳数,没有充分考虑节点的剩余能量,导致网络中心位置节点的业务量增大而能量消耗过快。针对Ad Hoc网络能量受限的问题,本文的工作主要体现在三个方面:一、采用跨层功率控制方法计算最佳发射功率,不再使用最大发射功率传输数据;二、采用能量分级和延时转发的方法选择能量较高的节点,均衡使用所有节点的能量;三、用蚁群算法改进AODV路由协议,根据路径信息素和节点剩余能量确定状态转移概率,同时用状态转移的方式代替洪泛的方式。最后,在EXata仿真环境下验证改进算法的效果,仿真结果表明,改进后的路由协议在分组投递率、节点生存时间以及端到端时延都有提高,能够降低网络能量消耗,延长网络生存时间。
[Abstract]:Ad Hoc network is a multi-hop wireless communication network. The Ad Hoc network is composed of a large number of mobile nodes with wireless transceiver function. The Ad Hoc network has the characteristics of self-organization, dynamic topology, multi-hop, etc. It does not need fixed hardware infrastructure. The problem of energy limitation in Ad Hoc networks caused by battery power supply by nodes has become the focus of research. Ant colony algorithm (ACA) is a heuristic algorithm with good performance, which has the characteristics of self-organization, positive feedback and distributed computing. It is usually used to solve complex combinatorial optimization problems. Considering the similarity between ant colony algorithm and Ad Hoc network, ant colony algorithm is applied to AODV routing protocol to optimize routing quality. Most of the existing Ad Hoc routing protocols are based on the minimum number of hops, which does not fully consider the residual energy of nodes, which leads to the increase of traffic and energy consumption of the nodes in the center of the network. In view of the problem of limited energy in Ad Hoc networks, the work of this paper is mainly reflected in three aspects: first, using cross-layer power control method to calculate the optimal transmission power, instead of using the maximum transmission power to transmit data; second, The energy classification and delay forwarding are used to select the nodes with high energy, and the energy of all nodes is balanced. Thirdly, the AODV routing protocol is improved by ant colony algorithm, and the state transition probability is determined according to the path pheromone and the residual energy of the node. At the same time, the method of state transition is used instead of flooding. Finally, the effect of the improved algorithm is verified in EXata simulation environment. The simulation results show that the improved routing protocol can reduce network energy consumption by improving packet delivery rate, node lifetime and end-to-end delay. Prolong the network survival time.
【学位授予单位】：西南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN929.5

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