基于能耗控制的不均匀分簇算法

发布时间：2018-07-09 19:39

本文选题：WSN + 不均匀分簇　；参考：《北方民族大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：物联网技术作为信息时代的代表性技术在近年来得到了飞速的发展。无线传感器网络(WSN)技术则是物联网技术的重要基石。由于WSN独有的优良特性,近年来在环境污染监测、智能农业、灾害预测、军事侦查等众多领域得到了广泛的应用。同时,由于无线传感器节点的能量受到各种限制,得不到有效的补充,所以如何高效地利用有限的能量,提高WSN的生存周期一直是学者们所研究的核心问题。分簇的路由协议相对于平面型协议来说,能更加有效的对能量进行利用。通过对网络进行层次结构的划分,能十分有效地减少网络中数量巨大的冗余信息,从而减少WSN传输这些不必要的冗余信息所造成的能量损耗。所以,如何将网络中传感器节点进行合理的分簇,设计能量高效的数据信息传输机制对提高网络性能来说,有着非常重要的意义。本文主要完成工作如下:首先,分析了WSN的发展现状和主要研究问题,介绍了WSN的相关技术;详细描述了WSN路由协议的基本思想。接下来对现阶段分簇协议的节能策略和其中主要解决的问题进行研究与仿真分析。其次,针对传统的分簇路由协议簇首选举策略不合理,整个网络的能量损耗不均衡等问题,提出一种基于能耗控制的不均匀分簇算法(UCBEC)。该算法对整个网络运行过程中的能量损耗进行量化评估,根据节点所处的位置将其划分到不同的转发区域内。综合考虑节点的剩余能量、邻居节点的能量强弱和簇内平均通信代价等因素来进行合理簇首的选举;以不等概率的入簇方式来均衡网络内所处不同位置的簇首节点之间的负载;以基于能耗优先的休眠调度策略来均衡簇内各成员节点之间的能量损耗,以达到整个网络负载相对均衡的目的。最后,为了验证UCBEC的算法性能,通过一系列仿真实验的结果的对比分析,证明UCBEC能在一定程度上能提高网络的性能。
[Abstract]:As a representative technology in the information age, Internet of things technology has been developed rapidly in recent years. Wireless sensor network (WSN) technology is an important cornerstone of the Internet of things technology. WSN has been widely used in many fields, such as environmental pollution monitoring, intelligent agriculture, disaster prediction, military investigation and so on. At the same time, because the energy of wireless sensor nodes is limited and can not be effectively supplemented, how to efficiently utilize the limited energy and improve the lifetime of WSN has been the core problem of scholars. Compared with the planar protocol, the clustering routing protocol can utilize energy more effectively. By dividing the network hierarchy, it can effectively reduce the amount of redundant information in the network, thereby reducing the energy loss caused by the transmission of these unnecessary redundant information by WSN. Therefore, how to cluster sensor nodes reasonably and design energy-efficient data transmission mechanism is of great significance to improve network performance. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, the development status and main research problems of WSN are analyzed, the related technologies of WSN are introduced, and the basic idea of WSN routing protocol is described in detail. Then, the energy saving strategy and the main problems of cluster protocol are studied and simulated. Secondly, aiming at the unreasonable strategy of cluster head election and the imbalance of energy loss in the whole network, a non-uniform clustering algorithm based on energy consumption control (UCBEC) is proposed. The algorithm quantifies the energy loss in the whole network and divides it into different forwarding regions according to the location of the nodes. Considering the residual energy of the node, the energy intensity of the neighbor node and the average communication cost in the cluster, the reasonable cluster head election can be carried out, and the load between the cluster heads at different positions in the network can be balanced by the method of unequal probability. A sleep scheduling strategy based on energy consumption priority is used to balance the energy loss among the member nodes in the cluster so as to achieve the purpose of relatively balancing the load of the whole network. Finally, in order to verify the algorithm performance of UCBEC, a series of simulation results show that UCBEC can improve the performance of the network to some extent.
【学位授予单位】：北方民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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