基于物联网的高速公路隧道智慧照明节能系统设计

发布时间：2018-08-12 12:41

【摘要】：高速公路隧道照明耗电占高速公路运营成本的绝大部分,在实际运营中,隧道存在过度照明的情况。过度照明不仅不利于安全行车,还会造成电能的浪费。因此,研究如何解决高速公路隧道过度照明具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。本文研究了解决隧道过度照明的方法,并设计了智慧节能系统。通过采集隧道外环境光照度以及隧道实时车流量,利用物联网技术,基于模糊控制思想实时控制隧道内的照明亮度,以实现“车流量高则多开灯、车流量低则少开灯”以及“隧道外光照度强则多开灯、隧道外光照度弱则少开灯”的控制效果,从而避免了过度照明,实现节能,确保行车安全。首先,研究与设计了基于物联网的高速公路隧道智慧照明节能系统,包括照明节能系统的总体结构概述、隧道环境参数获取方法研究及照明节能系统的各子系统研究。其次,详细讲述了各子系统的设计与实现,着重介绍光照数据采集系统中的基于STM32与Modbus协议的光照度感测器的设计与制作和基于Cortex-A9的嵌入式控制系统的设计。其中,光照度感测器部署于隧道内外,以采集实时亮度;基于A9的嵌入式控制系统用于调度控制各子系统,定时采集光照、照明能耗、车流等信息,且通过网络上传这些信息于远程服务器。然后,研究了模糊控制理论,并基于模糊控制思想设计了基于模糊控制的隧道照明控制算法。利用嵌入式控制系统上传到服务器的数据,经过照明控制算法,实时控制隧道内的照明亮度,使隧道内光照度随隧道外光照度及车流量的变化而变化,从而实现节能。最后,进行了系统功能测试以及能耗分析。测试了基于STM32与Modbus协议的光照度感测器各项功能;测试了嵌入式控制系统的数据采集、网络传输等功能;测试了基于网页的能耗平台的各项功能;测试了基于模糊控制的隧道照明节能控制算法的效果。通过对隧道内灯具的实际控制,利用控制前后的能耗数据进行能耗分析。由能耗分析,得到了系统控制运行稳定,节能效果较好,节能效率较高的结论,达到了设计期望。
[Abstract]:The power consumption of highway tunnel lighting accounts for most of the highway operation cost. In the actual operation, there is excessive lighting in the tunnel. Excessive lighting is not only bad for safe driving, but also a waste of electric energy. Therefore, the study on how to solve the highway tunnel excessive lighting has important theoretical significance and application value. In this paper, the method to solve the excessive lighting of tunnel is studied, and the intelligent energy saving system is designed. Through collecting the illumination of the tunnel environment and the real-time traffic flow of the tunnel, using the technology of Internet of things, the lighting brightness in the tunnel is controlled in real time based on the fuzzy control thought, in order to realize the "high traffic flow, more lights are turned on," The control effect of "low flow rate, less light" and "light intensity outside tunnel light intensity is strong, light intensity is weak, less light" control effect, thus avoiding excessive lighting, achieve energy saving, and ensure the safety of driving. Firstly, the intelligent lighting energy saving system of highway tunnel based on the Internet of things is studied and designed, including the overview of the overall structure of the lighting energy saving system, the research of the tunnel environmental parameters acquisition method and the study of the subsystems of the lighting energy saving system. Secondly, the design and implementation of each subsystem are described in detail, focusing on the design and fabrication of illumination sensor based on STM32 and Modbus protocol and the design of embedded control system based on Cortex-A9 in Illumination data acquisition system. The illumination sensor is deployed inside and outside the tunnel to collect real-time brightness, and the embedded control system based on A9 is used to schedule and control the subsystems to collect information such as illumination, lighting energy consumption, traffic flow and so on. And upload this information to the remote server through the network. Then, the fuzzy control theory is studied, and the tunnel lighting control algorithm based on fuzzy control is designed. By using the data uploaded to the server by the embedded control system, the illumination brightness in the tunnel can be controlled in real time through the illumination control algorithm, which makes the illumination in the tunnel change with the light intensity outside the tunnel and the traffic flow, so that the energy saving can be realized. Finally, the system function test and energy consumption analysis are carried out. The functions of the illumination sensor based on STM32 and Modbus protocol, the functions of data acquisition and network transmission of embedded control system, the functions of energy consumption platform based on web page are tested. The effect of energy-saving control algorithm of tunnel lighting based on fuzzy control is tested. Through the actual control of lamps and lanterns in the tunnel, the energy consumption data before and after the control are used to analyze the energy consumption. Based on the analysis of energy consumption, it is concluded that the control system is stable, the effect of energy saving is better and the efficiency of energy saving is higher, and the design expectation is reached.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP391.44;TN929.5;U453.7

【参考文献】