基于混响室天线效率测试技术研究

发布时间：2018-09-01 12:44

【摘要】：随着移动通讯技术的快速发展,作为通讯设备重要一环的小型天线,对其要求也越渐增加。对用于移动通讯中的小型天线来说,天线效率参数是其重要参数,它直接关系到通讯设备的使用性能,但由于小型天线使用环境的影响,导致天线效率参数很难通过仿真获得。因此,对天线效率测试的研究则是现代小型天线设计的重要部分。本文中,首先对小型天线效率测试的研究背景以及测试方法进行分析,对比惠勒法、方向图综合法以及混响室测试法三种方法后,选择采用混响室法对天线效率进行测试。根据对混响室结构以及性能的研究分析,本文中仿真设计了一个可以应用于1-5GHz频段内测试的混响室测试平台。并且,为保证该混响室测试平台的可用性,文中设计介绍了可以用于检验测试的对数周期天线以及单锥天线,并编写相关测试软件对其空腔场均匀性校准以及屏蔽效能测试进行控制。在混响室测试平台设计搭建完成后,对混响室测天线效率的原理与方法进行研究分析,详细列出了天线效率测试的相关步骤,并对测试方法进行了一定的改进。为验证利用混响室测天线效率方法的准确性,对对数周期天线以及已知效率的MIMO天线的天线效率进行测试,将混响室测试结果与在暗室中测得的结果进行比较,并对测试结果进行分析。本文主要做了以下几个改进创新点:第一,在混响室测试平台的搭建过程中,由于其最低使用频率高、所设计的结构体积较小,因此为了方便后期移动及改装,利用铝型材构建活动框架,将其设计为一个可移动拆卸的测试平台;第二,在对混响室测试平台进行空腔场均匀性校准时,通过对场均匀性校准原理的分析研究,利用电小振子代替场强探头进行测试,以便降低测试经费要求;第三,在对天线效率进行测量的过程中,根据对其测试方法的研究,采用连续搅拌法对天线的单频点效率进行了测试,并分析其测试结果。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, the requirement of small antenna, which is an important part of communication equipment, is increasing. For the small antenna used in mobile communication, the antenna efficiency parameter is an important parameter, which is directly related to the performance of the communication equipment. However, because of the influence of the environment of the small antenna, it is difficult to obtain the antenna efficiency parameter by simulation. Therefore, the research of antenna efficiency test is an important part of modern small antenna design. In this paper, firstly, the research background and testing methods of small antenna efficiency test are analyzed. After comparing Wheeler method, pattern synthesis method and reverberation chamber test method, the antenna efficiency is tested by reverberation chamber method. Based on the research and analysis of the structure and performance of reverberation chamber, a test platform for reverberation chamber is designed and simulated in this paper, which can be used for testing in 1-5GHz frequency band. In order to ensure the availability of the test platform of the reverberation chamber, the logarithmic periodic antenna and the single cone antenna which can be used to test the reverberation chamber are designed and introduced in this paper. The calibration of cavity field uniformity and the test of shielding effectiveness are controlled by the relevant test software. After the design and construction of the reverberation chamber test platform, the principle and method of antenna efficiency measurement in reverberation chamber are studied and analyzed, the relevant steps of antenna efficiency testing are listed in detail, and the test method is improved to some extent. In order to verify the accuracy of using reverberation chamber to measure antenna efficiency, the antenna efficiency of logarithmic periodic antenna and known efficiency MIMO antenna is tested. The results of reverberation chamber test are compared with those obtained in dark chamber. The test results are analyzed. This paper mainly makes the following improvements and innovations: first, in the process of building the test platform of reverberation chamber, because of its high minimum use frequency, the designed structure volume is smaller, so in order to facilitate the later period movement and refit, It is designed as a movable and detachable test platform using aluminum profile. Secondly, the principle of field uniformity calibration is analyzed and studied when the cavity field uniformity is calibrated to the test platform of reverberation chamber. In order to reduce the cost of the test, the electric small vibrator is used instead of the field intensity probe to test. Thirdly, in the process of measuring the antenna efficiency, according to the research of its testing method, The single frequency efficiency of antenna is measured by continuous mixing method, and the test results are analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN820

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