基于嵌入式的多路视频监控系统的设计与实现

发布时间：2019-01-05 12:30

【摘要】：在当今社会中,许多地方都需要监控设备,在工业、军事和民用领域都有广泛的应用。视频监控作为信息技术在各个行业中的综合应用之一,人们对它的重视日益增强。传统的监控设备有很多的不便,不仅不利于信号处理的相关操作,而且设备安装复杂、位置固定,不能满足同一网络随时随地监控的要求。在各项技术日益成熟的背景下,视频监控系统的发展也朝气蓬勃,正趋向于规模化、网络化以及智能化。把嵌入式技术和网络技术相互结合,在监控设备上加以应用,使人们的工作方式变得不仅方便和高效,而且自由,这是一种新的发展趋势。在上述背景下,本文开发了一种基于嵌入式的多路视频监控系统。系统选用Linux作为操作系统,采用bcm2837芯片的树莓派3作为核心平台,通过基于TCP/IP的socket编程实现网络通信,将从多路摄像头所采集的视频数据进行压缩,最后经网络传输到客户端。本系统采用了多个USB摄像头采集数据,视频信号中的数据量会非常大,对视频数据不进行压缩,在网络传输的过程中,有可能会导致USB带宽不足,得到的图像质量也不高,影响视频数据的传输速度,监控的效果会比较差。为了能够有较好的监控效果,本系统采用了H.264编解码标准对数据压缩编解码,不仅压缩效率非常好,而且也不会影响解码之后的图像质量,能够满足多路视频监控系统对实时性的要求。本论文首先描述了监控系统研究的背景及意义,对其现状和未来发展趋势做了简短的分析,接着介绍了本系统的总体设计方案和架构,然后对软硬件平台进行了选型和搭建,最后对系统的整个软件设计作了非常详细的描述。系统采取了模块化的软件设计方案,可以将软件设计划分为视频采集模块、压缩编解码模块以及网络传输模块。视频图像数据采集模块采用了V4L2架构;数据压缩编解码模块采用的是H.264编解码标准,可实现视频数据的高压缩比;数据网络传输模块采用的是TCP/IP协议,传输比较可靠,丢包少。实现每个模块的软件设计后,对整个系统反复测试以及改善,以达到监控系统的各个性能指标。
[Abstract]:In today's society, monitoring equipment is needed in many places and is widely used in industrial, military and civil fields. As one of the integrated applications of information technology in various industries, video surveillance is paid more and more attention. The traditional monitoring equipment has a lot of inconvenience, not only is not conducive to signal processing related operations, but also equipment installation complex, fixed position, can not meet the same network anytime and anywhere monitoring requirements. Under the background of the maturing of various technologies, the development of video surveillance system is booming, and it is tending to scale, network and intelligence. It is a new development trend to combine embedded technology with network technology and apply it in monitoring equipment, which makes people's working way more convenient and efficient, and free. Under the above background, this paper develops a multi-channel video surveillance system based on embedded system. The system chooses Linux as the operating system, uses raspberry pie 3 of bcm2837 chip as the core platform, realizes the network communication through socket programming based on TCP/IP, and compresses the video data collected from the multi-channel camera. Finally, it is transmitted to the client via the network. This system uses several USB cameras to collect data, the data in video signal will be very large, the video data will not be compressed, in the process of network transmission, it may lead to the lack of USB bandwidth, and the quality of the resulting image is not high. Affect the transmission speed of video data, the effect of monitoring will be relatively poor. In order to have better monitoring effect, the system adopts H.264 coding and decoding standard to compress data encoding and decoding, which not only has a very good compression efficiency, but also does not affect the image quality after decoding. It can meet the real-time requirement of multi-channel video surveillance system. This paper first describes the background and significance of the monitoring system research, and makes a brief analysis of its current situation and future development trend, then introduces the overall design scheme and architecture of the system, and then the software and hardware platform is selected and built. Finally, the whole software design of the system is described in detail. The system adopts a modular software design scheme, which can be divided into video acquisition module, compression codec module and network transmission module. The video image data acquisition module adopts V4L2 architecture, the data compression coding and decoding module adopts H.264 coding and decoding standard, which can realize the high compression ratio of video data. The TCP/IP protocol is used in the data network transmission module, the transmission is reliable and the packet loss is less. After the software design of each module is realized, the whole system is tested and improved repeatedly to achieve the performance index of the monitoring system.
【学位授予单位】：广东工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN948.6

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