具有全景和特写功能的车载终端关键技术研究

发布时间：2019-02-13 11:34

【摘要】：近年来,随着车载监控越来越受重视,车载终端设备的需求不断扩大,因而现有的车载终端产品种类越来越丰富,但是功能参差不齐,不能完全满足现有的监控需求。本文针对现有车载终端设备功能不齐全的问题,对具有全景和特写功能的车载终端设备进行深入研究。本文车载终端的总体方案是:车载终端上部的摄像机在车载云台的带动下可上下左右运动,从而实现对任意方向视频监控画面的特写;车载终端下部间隔90°固定有四个广角镜头,四个镜头采集的视频画面通过全景拼接系统生成全景视频,从而实现全景监控功能。本文主要研究车载终端的机械结构设计、硬件电路设计以及车载全景功能的实现。此外,车载监控视频异常检测也是本文的工作重点。车载云台、车载机械结构以及硬件电路是实现车载功能的基础。本文使用蜗轮蜗杆减速机和同步带传动作为车载云台的驱动方案;使用SolidWorks完成了车载终端机械结构的三维建模以及有限元分析;同时完成了车载终端基本功能模块的硬件电路设计。最终生产出的车载终端运行良好且能实现基本的功能。全景技术的出现克服了传统车载安防设备监控视角小、监控盲区的缺点,因此本文提出了基于多摄像头的车载全景功能,设计了基于图像拼接的全景图像生成系统,并提出了基于改进的ORB特征点全景图像拼接算法。实验结果表明系统生成的全景图像具有良好的视觉效果和兼容性。监控视频质量的好坏标志着车载监控系统的优劣,但是监控视频容易受干扰的影响而出现视频异常,故本文在全面分析车载监控视频干扰的成因基础上,设计了车载监控视频异常检测系统,并重点介绍了视频噪声、清晰度、亮度以及色偏异常检测算法,最后通过实验验证了相应的算法是高效可行的。本文结合机械、电子、图像处理以及计算机视觉技术,设计并实现了具有特写和全景功能的车载终端产品,其最大的特点是一个产品就可提供全景和特写画面;同时针对因干扰出现视频异常问题,设计了监控视频异常检测系统,对改善监控视频质量和提高维护效率有很大帮助,具有一定的理论意义和实际使用价值。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with more and more attention paid to vehicle monitoring, the demand of vehicle terminal equipment is expanding, so the variety of vehicle terminal products is becoming more and more rich, but the functions are not uniform, can not fully meet the existing monitoring needs. In this paper, the vehicle terminal equipment with panoramic and close-up functions is studied in depth, aiming at the problem that the function of the existing vehicle terminal equipment is not complete. The overall scheme of the vehicle terminal is as follows: the camera of the upper part of the vehicle terminal can move up and down under the driving of the vehicle cloud head so as to realize the close-up of the video surveillance screen in any direction; There are four wide-angle lenses fixed at 90 掳interval between the lower part of the vehicle terminal, and the video images collected by the four shots generate panoramic video through the panoramic mosaic system, so as to realize the panoramic monitoring function. This paper mainly studies the mechanical structure design, hardware circuit design and the realization of panoramic function of vehicle terminal. In addition, vehicle surveillance video anomaly detection is also the focus of this paper. Vehicle-mounted cloud head, vehicle-mounted mechanical structure and hardware circuit are the basis for the realization of vehicle functions. In this paper, the worm gear reducer and synchronous belt drive are used as the driving scheme of the vehicle cloud head, and the three-dimensional modeling and finite element analysis of the mechanical structure of the vehicle terminal are completed by using SolidWorks. At the same time, the hardware circuit design of the basic function module of the vehicle terminal is completed. The final production of the vehicle terminal runs well and can achieve basic functions. The emergence of panoramic technology overcomes the shortcomings of traditional vehicle security equipment monitoring and control of small visual angle, monitoring blind area, so this paper proposes a panoramic function based on multi-camera, and designs a panoramic image generation system based on image mosaic. An improved ORB feature point panoramic image mosaic algorithm is proposed. The experimental results show that the panoramic image generated by the system has good visual effect and compatibility. The quality of surveillance video indicates the merits and demerits of the vehicle monitoring system, but the surveillance video is easy to be affected by the interference and the video is abnormal. Therefore, this paper analyzes the causes of the vehicle monitoring video interference in a comprehensive way. An anomaly detection system for vehicle surveillance video is designed, and the algorithms for detecting video noise, sharpness, brightness and color deviation are introduced. Finally, the experimental results show that the algorithm is efficient and feasible. Combined with mechanical, electronic, image processing and computer vision technology, this paper designs and implements the vehicle terminal product with feature and panoramic functions. The biggest feature of the product is that a product can provide panoramic and close-up pictures. At the same time, aiming at the problem of video anomaly caused by interference, a video anomaly detection system is designed, which is of great help to improve the quality of surveillance video and improve the efficiency of maintenance. It has certain theoretical significance and practical value.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN948.6

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