ADCP流速数据质量控制及系统的误差修正

发布时间：2018-01-06 11:28

本文关键词：ADCP流速数据质量控制及系统的误差修正　出处：《东南大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：声学多普勒流速剖面仪(Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler,简称ADCP)是一种基于水声多普勒原理进行工作的超声波测速设备,在现代水文测验中已经得到越来越多的应用,对其技术的研究也日益受到人们的关注。在ADCP测量过程中,复杂的水流环境以及测验作业上的各种误差会给流速数据的质量带来严重影响,如何精确获得剖面流速和流量数据的研究至关重要。本论文提出能够改善ADCP流速数据质量的技术,并对测验中遇到的各类误差源进行分析,通过选用和设计合理的算法修正各类误差,进而提高流速和流量数据的精度和质量。具体的研究内容如下：首先,对ADCP测流的基本原理和ADCP系统框架进行简要介绍,并从中引出流速数据处理模块的数据处理详细过程。通过选取合适的经验声速公式对声速进行实时校准,将多普勒频移转换到径向流速；结合姿态传感器数据将波束坐标系下的四个径向流速转换到地理坐标系下的流速；底跟踪获取船速和剖面水深数据；最后利用流速面积法计算流量。接着,分析流速测量过程中异常数据的来源,提出在流速数据处理中改善流速数据质量的方法。通过确立深度单元层内径向流速的无效标准,对无效的部分分层或某一波束的径向流速进行全面估算；采用GPS与底跟踪相融合的技术对船速进行校验；利用相关性和实测区域流速对表层盲区流速进行估算。然后,对ADCP系统中可能存在的误差进行分析并采取相应的解决方案。ADCP系统中存在的误差源主要有换能器盲区、姿态传感器安装偏角、换能器安装偏角、系统中外界辅助设备(温度传感器、压力传感器、姿态传感器、GPS等)本身的随机误差和同步误差等。针对各种误差,选用和设计合理的修正算法,对其进行补偿,以降低各种误差对测流性能的影响。最后,在以上研究的基础上,将剖面流速数据处理的全过程及其误差校准算法在系统中实现并进行实验验证。设计了温度传感器、姿态传感器、GPS的调试流程和流速数据处理的软件,并通过实验数据对以上数据处理流程和误差修正算法进行有效验证。
[Abstract]:Acoustic Doppler profiler (Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler, referred to as ADCP) is a kind of ultrasonic measuring device based on the principle of acoustic Doppler work, has been widely used in modern hydrology test, research on its technology has been paid more and more attention. In the ADCP measurement process, various errors in complex flow environment and the test work will bring serious influence to the quality of velocity data, how to obtain the critical velocity profile and flow of accurate data. This paper can improve the velocity of ADCP data quality, and the various error sources encountered in the test were analyzed by choosing the reasonable design and all kinds of error correction algorithm, and then to improve the accuracy and quality of velocity and flow data. The specific contents are as follows: firstly, the basic principle of ADCP system and ADCP flow measurement The framework is briefly introduced, and then the velocity data processing module with data processing process from it. By choosing appropriate experience sound speed formula real-time calibration of velocity, the Doppler frequency shift is converted to a radial velocity; combined with the attitude sensor data will be four radial velocity beam coordinates to geographical coordinates velocity; bottom tracking speed and depth data acquisition section; finally the velocity area method for calculating flow. Then, analysis the source of abnormal data flow in the process of measurement, presents the method to improve the data quality in the flow velocity data processing. Through the establishment of the depth of the radial velocity standard unit is invalid, the radial velocity on the part of the hierarchical invalid or a beam comprehensive estimation; check the speed by GPS and bottom tracking fusion technology; using the correlation and the measured velocity on the region The surface area was estimated. Then the velocity, the error may exist in the ADCP system analysis and take the error sources of.ADCP system solution in the corresponding main transducer blind attitude sensor installation, transducer installation, external auxiliary equipment system (temperature sensor, pressure sensor, attitude sensor, GPS itself) the random error and synchronization error. The error correction algorithm, selection and reasonable design, to compensate, in order to reduce the influence of various errors on the flow measurement performance. Finally, in order to study on the basis of the whole process and error calibration algorithm to the velocity profile data processing in the system and achieve the design of experiments. The temperature sensor, attitude sensor, GPS debugging process and velocity data processing software, and through the experimental data processing and the data The error correction algorithm is validated effectively.

【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TH815

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