基于PLC的步进梁式加热炉监控系统的分析与设计

发布时间：2018-01-04 20:15

本文关键词：基于PLC的步进梁式加热炉监控系统的分析与设计　出处：《燕山大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在钢铁工业生产过程控制中,通常会遇到的是加热炉炉温动态特性控制,它具有如下特征:(1)炉温上升和下降往往具有严重的不对称性,包括增益和滞后时间的不对称性。(2)容积滞后,对于一般工业加热炉炉温控制特性具有较大的容积滞后,而且属于纯滞后特征。(3)在加热炉的整个温度调节范围内,对象的增益、容积滞后时间通常是与工作温度与负载变化有关的变参数。对于加热炉这类工业对象,采用常规的PID控制器,在工作点附近的小范围内,由于其动特性近似于线性,有可能控制得较好;但当大范围改变给定值或受外界环境(包括工况)扰动太大时,就需要及时修正PID参数,否则将使温升动特性变差。随着现代工业技术的发展,对工业炉温控制性能要求也必然越来越高,要求有更先进的控制策略来满足这些要求。由于温度控制在加热炉设备自动化控制中是一个非常重要的方面,但加热炉是一个非线性的、时变的、分布参数多的复杂被控对象,具有滞后的特性,因而加热炉的炉温是一个较难控制的参数。本文介绍了步进式梁式加热炉的结构、工艺和控制要求,归纳了步进式梁式加热炉的控制现状,分析了步进式梁式加热炉炉温控制系统,并针对存在的问题进行以下几个方面的研究:第一,针对步进式梁式加热炉炉温控制过程中存在的滞后特点,提出PLC过程控制的相关理论。第二,通过与加热炉温度的传统PID过程控制进行仿真比较,提出加热炉炉温控制系统的设计方案。第三,通过系统地学习SIMATIC S7-300PLC控制系统,掌握了PLC中先进过程控制库中的功能模块的使用方法,对PLC有了更深入的理解和熟练的应用。同时学习了在PLC系统中如何创建工程项目的方法步骤,然后设计了基于PLC系统的加热炉炉温控制的硬件和软件系统。结果表明,基于PLC的加热炉炉温控制系统,能够使炉温快速跟随给定并达到稳定状态。这对日后研究加热炉炉温优化工作打下了坚实的基础。通过本文的研究,为步进式梁式加热炉炉温的智能化控制提供一定的参考借鉴。
[Abstract]:In the iron and steel industry production process control, usually encountered is to control the dynamic characteristics of reheating furnace, it has the following characteristics: (1) the temperature rise and fall often has a serious asymmetry, including asymmetric gain and delay time. (2) the volume of lag, for general industrial furnace temperature control has the characteristics of large the volume of lag, and belongs to the pure lag characteristics. (3) in the heating furnace of the whole temperature range, object volume gain, the lag time is usually related to the operating temperature and load change variable parameters. For this kind of industrial furnace, using the conventional PID controller, in a small area near the work point of the and because of its dynamic characteristics similar to linear, are likely to have better control; but when the big change range of the given value or by the external environment (including disturbance condition) is too large, you need timely correction of PID parameters, otherwise it will make the temperature L dynamic variation. With the development of modern industrial technology, the performance requirements of industrial furnace temperature control is more and more high, require more advanced control strategies to meet these requirements. Because the temperature control equipment in the automatic control of heating furnace is a very important aspect, but the heating furnace is a nonlinear. When the distribution parameters of the complex object, with the characteristics of lag, so the temperature of the heating furnace is a very difficult to control the parameters. This paper introduces the structure of walking beam type heating furnace, process and control requirements, summed up the control status of walking beam type heating furnace, analysis walking beam type heating furnace temperature control system, and study the following problems: first, in view of the existing walking beam type heating furnace temperature control in the process of hysteresis characteristics, put forward PLC process control related system On the second, through the traditional PID process and furnace temperature control simulation, design of furnace temperature control system of heating. Third, through the systematic study of SIMATIC S7-300PLC control system, mastering the methods of advanced process control function module base in PLC, have a deep understanding and proficiency the application of PLC. At the same time learn the steps to create project in the PLC system, and the design of the PLC system of heating furnace temperature control system based on hardware and software. The results show that the PLC based heating furnace temperature control system, can make the temperature quickly follow given and reached a steady state. The day after study on the optimization of furnace temperature work to lay a solid foundation. Through this study, provides a reference for intelligent control of walking beam type heating furnace.

【学位授予单位】：燕山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG307;TP277

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