多轴数控机床的在机测量方案创成及优化方法

发布时间：2018-04-06 22:19

本文选题：多轴数控机床　切入点：在机测量　出处：《机械工程学报》2017年20期

【摘要】：多轴数控机床的在机测量会存在冗余运动自由度,由此导致一个测量任务会有多个与之对应的伺服运动方案,而确定最优的伺服运动方案,是保证在机测量性能的前提。针对这一问题,提出一种基于机床功能且面向测量任务的在机测量运动方案创成方法:采用多体系统理论及齐次坐标变换方法对被测对象的几何特征及数控机床的运动形式进行数学解析;建立以被测几何特征为自变量、以机床伺服运动为因变量的函数方程;求解该方程获得所有可能的测量运动方案。在此基础上,通过分析方程解的取值范围,验证所有测量运动方案的功能;考虑到数控机床的结构及伺服特性对测量精度的影响,提出了测量方案性能评价准则,并据此确定最优的测量方案。在某数控成形砂轮磨齿机上进行了齿形偏差的在机测量,试验结果验证了该方法的有效性和可行性。利用该方法确定的最优在机测量方案测量精度高、重复性好。
[Abstract]:There will be redundant motion degrees of freedom in the measurement of multi-axis NC machine tools, which leads to the existence of multiple servo motion schemes corresponding to a single measurement task, and the determination of the optimal servo motion scheme is the prerequisite to ensure the performance of in-machine measurement.In response to this problem,Based on the function of machine tool and oriented to measurement task, this paper presents a method of generating motion scheme for in-machine measurement. The geometric characteristics of the object under test and the motion form of NC machine tool are analyzed by using the theory of multi-body system and the method of homogeneous coordinate transformation.A function equation with geometric characteristics of measured as independent variable and servo motion of machine tool as dependent variable is established, and all possible measurement schemes are obtained by solving the equation.On this basis, the function of all measurement schemes is verified by analyzing the range of the solution of the equation, and considering the influence of the structure and servo characteristics of the NC machine tools on the measurement accuracy, the performance evaluation criteria of the measurement schemes are proposed.Based on this, the optimal measurement scheme is determined.The in-situ measurement of tooth profile deviation is carried out on a CNC grinding wheel grinding machine. The experimental results show that the method is effective and feasible.The optimal in-machine measurement scheme determined by this method has high measurement accuracy and good repeatability.
【作者单位】：西安理工大学机械与精密仪器工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(51375382) 陕西省教育厅产业化培育(2013JC27) 西安理工大学博士创新基金(207-002j02)资助项目
【分类号】：TG659

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