AFS型吊箱式缆道自动化测流系统的研究与应用

发布时间：2018-04-09 00:37

本文选题：水文缆道　切入点：吊箱　出处：《太原理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：利用缆道测流装备进行河流流量的测量是最广泛而有效的一种测流技术,目前我国水文站采用的缆道设备自动化程度不高,包括测深、测速在内的许多关键测流环节仍需人工参与,测流信号的采集与传输手段也较为落后,测流效率十分低下。针对以上问题,本文结合吊箱缆道与悬杆测流法的特点,对缆道测流过程中的关键技术进行了研究,研制开发了AFS型吊箱式缆道自动化测流系统。全新设计的吊箱式测验平台能完成所有测流步骤的自动化衔接,控制室与测验平台之间通过无线数传模块进行通讯,实现了测验平台上的无人化操作。测控系统由总控单元、起点距测控单元和测验平台测控单元三部分组成,采用IPC-PLC二级主从控制结构,主站与从站之间采用Modbus协议进行信息交换。控制室内的总控IPC为主站设备,配以测流软件实现整个系统的统一调度与人机交互;起点距PLC和测验平台PLC既可以作为从站接收主站指令,也可作为独立的控制单元,对缆道运行设备和测流过程进行现场控制,使系统具备了远程和现场双重操作模式。通过电压比较器LM339对流速仪信号进行处理,甄别出水面信号与流速信号;设计的转臂式失重开关通过检测悬吊索拉力可识别出水底信号;流速仪信号经硬件消抖、光耦隔离、软件消抖后通过无线单片机CC1110发送至测验平台PLC。水面信号和水底信号的准确判断以及流速信号的准确采集与传输,使悬杆测深和转子流速仪测速能够自动完成。系统的软件和硬件在结构上实现了模块化,不仅采用了标准的串行通讯接口,通过对IPC与两台PLC之间通讯协议的定义,还为子模块间提供了软件编程接口,系统配置灵活且通用性极强。整套缆道自动化测流系统的应用改变了水文站原有的测流作业方式,不仅节省人力,提高了测流作业的安全性,更使测流效率得到极大改善,在各个水文站有着十分广阔的应用前景。
[Abstract]:It is the most widely and effective technique to measure the river flow by using the cableway flow measuring equipment. At present, the cableway equipment used in the hydrological station in our country is not high in automation, including sounding.Many key flow measurement links, including velocity measurement, still need manual participation, and the collection and transmission of current measurement signals are also relatively backward, and the efficiency of current measurement is very low.In view of the above problems, this paper studies the key technology in the process of cable flow measurement by combining the characteristics of hoisting cableway and suspension rod flow measurement method, and develops the automatic flow measurement system of AFS type hoisting cableway.The newly designed hanging box test platform can complete the automatic connection of all the flow measurement steps, and the communication between the control room and the test platform is carried out through wireless data transmission module, which realizes the unmanned operation on the test platform.The measurement and control system consists of three parts: the master control unit, the starting distance measurement and control unit and the measurement and control unit of the test platform. The IPC-PLC two-stage master-slave control structure is adopted, and the information exchange between the master station and the slave station is carried out by Modbus protocol.The central control IPC main station equipment in the control room is equipped with the flow measurement software to realize the unified dispatching and man-machine interaction of the whole system, the starting point distance PLC and the test platform PLC can be used as the slave station to receive the instruction of the master station as well as as the independent control unit.Field control of cable-running equipment and flow measurement process makes the system have the dual operation mode of remote and on-site.The signal of the current meter is processed by the voltage comparator LM339, and the surface signal and the velocity signal are identified. The designed rotary arm weightlessness switch can identify the underwater signal by detecting the suspension pull force, the signal of the current meter is removed by hardware, and the light coupling is isolated.The software is sent to the test platform by CC1110.The accurate judgement of water surface signal and underwater signal and the accurate collection and transmission of velocity signal can make the sounding of hanging rod and the velocity of rotor velocity meter to be completed automatically.The software and hardware of the system are modularized in structure. Not only the standard serial communication interface is adopted, but also the software programming interface is provided for the sub-modules by defining the communication protocol between IPC and two PLC.The system is flexible and versatile.The application of the whole cable-automatic flow measurement system has changed the original operation mode of hydrologic station, which not only saves manpower, improves the safety of the flow measurement operation, but also greatly improves the efficiency of flow measurement.It has a very broad application prospect in various hydrological stations.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P332.4;TP274

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