基于温差能量收集的热网监测WSN的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-04-19 12:56

本文选题：EH-WSN + 能量采集　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：集中供热已经走进千家万户,供暖质量直接影响着成千上万热用户的生活生产。目前对供暖质量的监测主要基于各个换热站中的控制器获取到的入水、回水管道上的温度数据,监测点极为有限,无法实现对热网管网的整体监测。在本文中,我们利用基于能量采集的无线传感器网络(EH-WSN,Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks)来对热网管道进行温度数据采集。这种网络利用能量采集技术从外界环境中获取能量并转换为电能为节点供能,这种网解决了电池供电带来的电量受限、更换维护困难等问题。由于应用场景为热网管道,我们选择温差供能模块来对节点进行供能,将温差能转换为电能,使整个网络实现自供能。在网络部署上,我们利用大量节点进行组网,节点通过多跳完成数据包的转发和向Sink节点的汇聚,Sink节点再利用GPRS/3G/4G网络将数据上传至上层应用,上层监控平台对温度数据进行数据处理和可视化展示。由于从环境中采集到的能量不够稳定,所以节点工作具有间歇性的特点,传统路由协议并不适用。通过研究基于温差供能无线传感器网络的工作特性,我们对两种传统路由协议进行改进,引入节点剩余能量信息,使得改进后的协议可以很好的适用于面向热网监测的EH-WSN,保证了良好的网络性能。本文通过能量采集技术和改进的路由协议实现了对热网管网的全面监测,解决了传统热网管道监控技术存在的诸多问题,十分具有研究意义。
[Abstract]:Central heating has entered thousands of households, heating quality directly affects the daily life of thousands of hot users.At present, the monitoring of heating quality is mainly based on the input water obtained by the controller in each heat exchange station, and the temperature data on the backwater pipeline are very limited, so it is impossible to realize the overall monitoring of the heat network pipe network.In this paper, we use EH-WSNN Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Network based on energy acquisition to collect the temperature data of hot network pipeline.This network uses energy acquisition technology to obtain energy from the external environment and convert it into electric energy to provide energy for nodes. This network solves the problems of limited power supply caused by battery power supply and difficulty in replacing and maintaining.Because the application scene is hot network pipeline, we choose the temperature difference energy supply module to supply energy to the node, and convert the temperature difference energy into electric energy, which makes the whole network realize the self-supply energy.In the network deployment, we use a large number of nodes to network, the node through multi-hop to complete the transmission of data packets and the convergence to the Sink node sink node, and then use the GPRS/3G/4G network to upload data to the upper application.The upper monitoring platform processes and visualizes the temperature data.Because the energy collected from the environment is not stable, so the node work intermittently, the traditional routing protocol is not applicable.By studying the working characteristics of WSNs based on temperature difference, we improve two traditional routing protocols and introduce the residual energy information of nodes.The improved protocol can be well applied to EH-WSNs for heat network monitoring, which ensures good network performance.In this paper, energy collection technology and improved routing protocol are used to realize the overall monitoring of heat network pipeline network, and many problems existing in the traditional heat network pipeline monitoring technology are solved, which is of great significance.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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