基于计算流体力学的探空温度传感器仿真与优化

发布时间：2018-04-19 11:33

本文选题：探空温度传感器 + 太阳辐射升温量　；参考：《南京信息工程大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究对流层和平流层下部大气温度,对提高气象预报的准确度和气候变化规律有着重要意义。高空大气温度探测过程中,太阳辐射引起的探空温度传感器温升是影响温度测量精度的重要因素。目前国内外针对太阳辐射升温量的研究方法主要包括风洞实验法和经验公式估测法,受实验技术难度及公式适用性的限制,难以对探空温度传感器在高空气流环境中的辐射升温量进行精确的定量求解。为解决上述问题,本文提出采用计算流体力学方法对探空温度传感器进行数值仿真,求解辐射升温量。本文首先研究了珠状热敏电阻在不同引线长度、夹角和数量条件下辐射升温量的变化规律。仿真结果表明,随着引线长度的增大,珠状热敏电阻辐射升温量逐渐减小;180 °引线夹角的四引线传感器结构辐射升温量受太阳照射角度影响较小。通过遗传算法对仿真结果进行拟合,获得该四引线传感器结构在不同太阳高度角和方位角条件下的辐射升温量计算方程。由于探空温度传感器的支架也对辐射升温量产生影响,对带支架结构的珠状热敏电阻进行仿真研究。仿真结果表明,辐射升温量随引线热导率、海拔高度、太阳辐射强度的增大而增大,随太阳高度角的增大而减小;带支架条件下引线30mm的结构辐射升温量较小;小尺寸支架和无横梁结构都有利于降低辐射升温量。为提高研究结果的普适性,通过BP神经网络算法获得辐射升温量关于海拔高度、太阳辐射强度、太阳高度角的计算公式。公式验证结果表明,计算值与仿真值一致性较高,最大误差低于0.1 K,计算公式可靠性较高。为了提高本文研究成果的实用性,基于Qt设计了探空温度传感器辐射升温量查询修正软件。该软件可对辐射升温量进行实时显示和修正,也可对历史数据和辐射升温量仿真结果进行查询。
[Abstract]:It is important to study the atmospheric temperature in the troposphere and the lower stratosphere to improve the accuracy of meteorological forecast and the regularity of climate change.The temperature rise of sounding temperature sensor caused by solar radiation is an important factor to affect the precision of temperature measurement in the process of upper atmosphere temperature detection.At present, the research methods of solar radiation heating amount at home and abroad mainly include wind tunnel experimental method and empirical formula estimation method, which are limited by the difficulty of experimental technology and the applicability of the formula.It is difficult to calculate accurately the radiative temperature of the sounding temperature sensor in the upper air flow environment.In order to solve the above problems, a computational fluid dynamics method is proposed to numerically simulate the radiometric temperature sensor and to calculate the radiation temperature.In this paper, the variation of radiation heating rate of bead thermistor under different lead length, angle and quantity is studied.The simulation results show that with the increase of lead length, the radiation temperature rise of bead thermistor decreases gradually, and the radiation temperature rise of four-lead sensor structure with 180 掳lead angle is less affected by solar radiation angle.The simulation results are fitted by genetic algorithm, and the equation of radiative heating under different solar height and azimuth is obtained.Because the support of the radiosonde temperature sensor also affects the radiation heating, the bead thermistor with the support structure is simulated.The simulation results show that the radiation heating increases with the increase of lead thermal conductivity, altitude and solar radiation intensity, and decreases with the increase of solar height angle, while the structure radiative heating of lead 30mm is small under the condition of scaffold.Both the small support and the non-beam structure are beneficial to reduce the radiation heating.In order to improve the universality of the research results, the formulas for calculating the radiative warming amount related to altitude, solar radiation intensity and solar height angle are obtained by BP neural network algorithm.The results of formula verification show that the calculated value is in good agreement with the simulation value, the maximum error is less than 0.1 K, and the reliability of the formula is high.In order to improve the practicability of the research results, a software of radiosonde temperature sensor is designed based on QT.The software can display and modify the radiative warming in real time, and can also query the historical data and the simulation results of the radiative heating.
【学位授予单位】：南京信息工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212.11

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