基于FPGA的CAN、1553B与USB总线的协议转换模块的研究与实现

发布时间：2018-05-25 14:47

本文选题：CAN + 1553B　；参考：《吉林大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：1553B总线,其全称为MIL-STD-1553B总线。这是一种分布处理、集中控制的主从式总线,具有响应实时、故障容错以及性能稳定等特点。早期的机载设备相对独立,这就造成设备连接线束复杂,进而产生一系列的弊端。1553B总线的提出极大的改善了线束复杂的问题,随着总线的发展,如今已经广泛应用于航天航空,空间探测,火控系统以及各种对稳定性要求极高的场景。CAN总线作为工业现场中优秀总线的代表,自诞生以来就得到了快速的发展,伴随着汽车行业井喷式的爆发,CAN总线的应用也随之得到了普及。由于CAN总线具有稳定性强,数据传输率高等特点,使其应用场景不局限于汽车电子,并逐渐被推广在工业现场、以及航天航空等各个领域。USB总线是转为计算机提出的与其外设之间进行通信的标准接口,这是一种传输速率极高(在最新的USB3.1标准中,速率达到10Gbps)的通用串行总线。USB总线接口具有体积小巧,支持热插拔、即插即用、兼容性好、节省系统资源的特点,如今在几乎任意一台计算机设备上均能看到USB接口的身影。伴随着工业控制迅猛的步发展,设备间的数据交互与共享需求越来越强烈,但是设备间的接口往往不同,有的出于成本考虑,有的出于特定的应用,而有的因为设备随着时间的变迁而接口显得“老旧”。由于网络结构的差异以及底层协议相对独立,使得网络之间的操作和信息交换难以进行。同时,底层网络大多具有一定的封闭性,其扩展能力有限,这种情况在一定程度上限制了工业总线的发展与应用。工业总线多为服务于嵌入式系统,系统经常需要将数据上传至PC用于监控,保存数据或进行实时交互,为解决以上问题本文提出了一种基于FPGA(XC6SLX75)为主控制器,以ARM(STM32F105VCT6)为CAN总线控制器,以CY7C68013作为USB总线控制器,以BU61580作为1553B总线控制器的协议转换设备。该协议转换模块分别将1553B总线以及CAN总线上的数据进行采集,通过FPGA进行数据包的解析与重封装处理,最终汇总于USB接口上传至计算机,同时也可以将上位机通过USB接口发送的数据解析成相应的CAN总线报文或1553B总线报文下发至相应的总线上。完成了传统USB-CAN以及USB-1553B的协议转换功能,并且通过上位机软件将数据的解析与重封装,间接的实现了1553B-CAN总线的数据传输功能。可以通过计算机实现远程控制,远程监控等功能,为进一步接入互联网提供了底层基础。本文充分的对CAN总线MIL-STD-1553B总线以及USB总线进行了深入的研究,系统通过汇总不同协议数据、缓存、增加指令码等方式,实现了不同总线报文的解码及重编码的方式,使计算机通过USB接口可以方便的识别各种总线的报文,并可以下发相应总线报文至总线。考虑1553B总线与CAN总线相对独立的特点,系统利用FPGA并行运算的特点,将1553B总线与CAN总线的收发分割成两个相对独立的模块,互不干扰,正式基于此设计,两种总线数据在同时爆发大量数据的时候不会因为数据阻塞而导致数据丢包,保证了采集系统在原理上的可行性。最后,针对设计提出的功能指标进行了充分的测试,不仅对FPGA的模块进行逐级的功能仿真,并且借用成熟的仿真设备搭建了测试环境,通过实际测试数据进行了功能测试及压力测试,验证了所设计模块功能的正确性以及模块性能的稳定性。
[Abstract]:1553B bus, its full name is MIL-STD-1553B bus. This is a distributed processing, centralized control master slave bus, which has the characteristics of real-time response, fault tolerance and performance stability. The early airborne equipment is relatively independent, which causes the complex wiring harness of the equipment, and then produces a series of disadvantages to improve the.1553B bus greatly. With the development of the bus, with the development of the bus, it has been widely used in aerospace, space detection, fire control system and all kinds of scene.CAN bus with high stability. As the representative of the excellent bus in the industrial field, it has been developed rapidly since its birth. With the blowout of the automobile industry, the CAN bus The application of the CAN bus has also been popularized. Because of its strong stability and high data transmission rate, the application scene is not limited to automotive electronics, and it is gradually popularized in the industrial field, and the.USB bus in all fields such as aerospace and aviation is a standard interface to communication between the computer and its peripherals. The universal serial bus.USB bus interface with high transmission rate (in the latest USB3.1 standard, with a rate of 10Gbps) is small in volume, supports hot pluggable, plug and play, compatibility, and saving system resources. Now, the USB interface can be seen on almost any computer equipment. With the rapid industrial control, it is accompanied by rapid industrial control. The need for data interaction and sharing between devices is becoming more and more intense, but the interfaces between devices are often different, some out of cost consideration, some out of specific applications, and some are "old" because of the change of time. The operation and information exchange between them are difficult to carry out. At the same time, the underlying network is mostly closed and its extension ability is limited. This situation restricts the development and application of the industrial bus to a certain extent. The industrial bus is mostly in the embedded system. The system often needs to upload data to PC for monitoring, save data or enter. In order to solve the problem, a kind of FPGA (XC6SLX75) based controller based on ARM (STM32F105VCT6) as the CAN bus controller, CY7C68013 as the USB bus controller and BU61580 as the protocol conversion device of the 1553B bus controller are presented in this paper. The CO conversion module takes the 1553B bus and the number of CAN bus respectively. According to the collection, the data package is parsed and repackaged through FPGA. Finally, the USB interface is uploaded to the computer. At the same time, the data sent by the host computer through the USB interface can be parsed to the corresponding CAN bus message or the 1553B bus message to the corresponding bus. The protocol of the traditional USB-CAN and USB-1553B can be completed. The function is changed, and the data is analyzed and repackaged through the upper computer software. The data transmission function of the 1553B-CAN bus is realized indirectly. The function of remote control and remote monitoring can be realized through the computer. It provides the underlying foundation for the further access to the Internet. This paper is full of the CAN bus MIL-STD-1553B bus and the USB bus. In depth research, the system realizes the decoding and heavy coding of different bus messages by collecting different protocol data, caching, and adding instruction code, so that the computer can easily identify all kinds of bus messages through the USB interface, and can send the corresponding message to the bus. The 1553B bus is relative to the CAN bus. Independent characteristics, the system uses the characteristics of FPGA parallel operation, divides the 1553B bus and CAN bus into two relatively independent modules, and does not interfere with each other. It is formally based on this design. The two kinds of bus data will not cause data packet loss due to data blocking when a large number of data are broken out at the same time, and the acquisition system is guaranteed in principle. Finally, according to the full test of the functional indexes proposed in the design, not only the functional simulation of the FPGA module is not only performed step by step, but also the test environment is built by using the mature simulation equipment, the function test and pressure test are carried out through the actual test data, and the correctness and modularity of the function of the designed module are verified and verified. The stability of the energy.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP273

【相似文献】