基于滑模变结构的异步电机无速度传感器控制系统研究

发布时间：2018-05-28 09:30

本文选题：异步电动机 + 矢量控制　；参考：《兰州交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：交流异步电机在工业生产、日常生活中是必不可少的,其应用的广泛性使得人们不得不对电机的结构和控制进行分析研究。在研究中,电机的非线性、多变量等特性,使得对其控制有着一定的难度,为了满足各种高性能交流传动的场合,近年来许多非线性控制方法渗入这个领域,而滑模变结构控制(Sliding Mode Control,SMC)因为鲁棒性强,参数扰动时恢复能力强,受到了很多专家以及学者的重视和关注。本文主要针对于异步电机在工业领域运用范围大,尤其是无速度传感器越来越流行的现象,将滑模变结构技术应用于矢量控制系统中,并与近年来较为广泛研究的MRAS(Model Reference Adaptive System,模型参考自适应系统)相结合,以发挥出两者方法各自的优势,从而实现理想的控制。具体的研究内容如下:(1)对无速度传感器的观测器不同种类的辨识方法进行总结,概述异步电机矢量控制的基本原理,深入研究其特点,为后面研究提供重要理论基础。(2)分析滑模变结构控制的原理和关键问题,针对于常规的PID或者PI速度调节器存在的缺陷,以趋近律算法作为优化手段,通过对传统等速趋近律算法公式的改进,设计了一种异步电机矢量控制技术滑模变结构转速调节器。(3)设计变结构MRAS的几种转速辨识观测器,针对于滑模变结构系统出现的普遍抖振现象将其改进,消弱了此弊端。除此之外,设计了双滑模变结构MRAS转速观测器,进一步提高了系统的性能,将其改进结果与传统滑模变结构转速辨识系统进行对比,验证其转速辨识性能及其优缺点,结果表明所提出的滑模变结构MRAS速度观测器动态性能良好。(4)搭建基于TI公司的TMS320F2812 DSP和PS21265-AP IPM的矢量系统控制实验平台,用以在硬件上实现异步电机的矢量控制系统。
[Abstract]:Ac asynchronous motor is indispensable in industrial production and daily life, and its wide application makes people have to analyze and study the structure and control of the motor. In the research, the nonlinear and multivariable characteristics of the motor make it difficult to control it. In order to meet the various situations of high performance AC drive, many nonlinear control methods have infiltrated into this field in recent years. The sliding mode variable structure control (SMC) has attracted much attention from many experts and scholars because of its strong robustness and strong recovery ability when parameters are disturbed. In this paper, the sliding mode variable structure technology is applied to the vector control system, aiming at the phenomenon that the asynchronous motor is widely used in the industrial field, especially the speed sensor is becoming more and more popular. It is combined with the MRAS(Model Reference Adaptive System, model reference adaptive system, which has been widely studied in recent years, in order to give full play to the advantages of the two methods and realize the ideal control. The specific research contents are as follows: (1) summarizing different kinds of identification methods for sensorless observer, summarizing the basic principle of vector control of asynchronous motor, and deeply studying its characteristics. To provide an important theoretical basis for the later study. (2) to analyze the principle and key problems of sliding mode variable structure control. Aiming at the defects of conventional PID or Pi speed regulators, the approach law algorithm is used as an optimization method. Based on the improvement of the traditional algorithm formula of constant speed approach law, a sliding mode variable structure speed adjuster for variable structure MRAS is designed, which is a vector control technique for asynchronous motor, and several speed identification observers are designed. The general buffeting phenomenon of sliding mode variable structure system is improved, which weakens this drawback. In addition, the dual sliding mode variable structure MRAS speed observer is designed to further improve the performance of the system. The improved results are compared with the traditional sliding mode variable structure speed identification system to verify its speed identification performance and its advantages and disadvantages. The results show that the sliding mode variable structure MRAS speed observer has good dynamic performance.) the vector control experiment platform based on TI's TMS320F2812 DSP and PS21265-AP IPM is built to realize the vector control system of asynchronous motor in hardware.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM343;TP273

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