基于人—车—路的道路作业人员安全预警系统研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 06:01

本文选题：道路作业人员 + 主动安全　；参考：《长安大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在我国社会经济飞速发展下,道路交通行业进入黄金发展期,道路车辆数和公路里程显著增加,道路作业是保证交通通畅的重要保障,道路作业人员是特殊且庞大的群体,但是对于这类人缺乏有效的作业保护措施,屡屡出现道路作业人员发生交通事故的惨剧。针对上述问题,本文开展基于人-车-路的道路作业人员安全预警系统研究,设计了一款基于STM32F407控制的嵌入式安全预警系统,能够有效进行道路作业安全预警,帮助驾驶员及时感知危险,采取合理的驾驶行为。这对保证行车安全、解决道路作业人员安全问题具有一定的理论意义和实用价值。本文对基于人-车-路的道路作业人员安全预警模型展开研究,分析了驾驶员行为特征,提出基于“感知-认知-反应”驾驶员行为模型,驾驶员提前感知外部道路环境,预判可能存在的伤害,采取安全的驾驶操作降低交通事故。在研究车辆制动过程和安全距离基础上,提出基于车辆制动距离的安全距离模型,并优化标定模型中的参数。为了实现良好的预警效果,设置合理的临界预警距离,提出基于安全距离的多级安全预警模型。以安全预警模型作为理论支撑,本文设计了一款基于STM32F407主控芯片,GPS和433M通信模块为信息采集单元,智能语音和TFT液晶显示模块为人机交互单元的嵌入式系统,该系统能够实时收集并处理路况作业数据,实现道路作业人员安全预警。论文中详细阐述了系统总体方案设计、软、硬件设计。系统主要分为三个部分:(1)主控单元,采用32位的STM32F407ZGT6为主控制芯片,实时、准确的处理数据并协调各个子模块有序工作;(2)信息采集单元,主要是GPS和433M无线通信模块,GPS模块用于采集作业区域位置和车辆位置、车速等信息,433M通信模块实现作业区域和车辆间信息传输功能;(3)人机交互单元,外部指令输入和系统处理后预警信息发布,预警信息通过文本显示和语音提示的形式让驾驶员感知,实现系统安全预警的功能。本文最后进行实际车辆模拟场景测试,验证系统运行可靠性,通过对实验数据分析,本系统能够实现信息的准确处理和道路作业及时预警,基本满足了安全预警的设计要求。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's social economy, the road traffic industry has entered a golden development period, the number of road vehicles and road mileage has increased significantly. Road operation is an important guarantee to ensure smooth traffic, and road operators are a special and huge group. However, for this kind of people lack of effective protection measures, road operators often occur traffic accidents. In order to solve the above problems, this paper studies the road operator safety early warning system based on human-vehicle-road, and designs an embedded security early warning system based on STM32F407 control, which can effectively carry out the road operation safety early warning. Help the driver to perceive the danger in time and adopt reasonable driving behavior. It has certain theoretical significance and practical value to ensure the safety of driving and solve the safety problems of road operators. In this paper, the safety early warning model of road operators based on man, vehicle and road is studied, the driver behavior characteristics are analyzed, and the driver behavior model based on "perception-cognition-reaction" is put forward. The driver perceives the external road environment ahead of time. Prejudge possible injuries and take safe driving practices to reduce traffic accidents. Based on the study of vehicle braking process and safety distance, a safety distance model based on vehicle braking distance is proposed, and the parameters in the calibration model are optimized. In order to achieve good early warning effect, a multi-level early warning model based on safety distance is proposed. Taking the security warning model as the theoretical support, this paper designs an embedded system based on STM32F407 main control chip and 433M communication module as information acquisition unit, intelligent voice and TFT liquid crystal display module as man-machine interaction unit. The system can collect and process the road operation data in real time and realize the road operator safety early warning. In this paper, the overall scheme design, software and hardware design of the system are described in detail. The system is mainly divided into three parts: 1) main control unit, using 32-bit STM32F407ZGT6 as the main control chip, real-time, accurate processing of data and coordination of each sub-module to work in an orderly way. The GPS and 433M wireless communication module are used to collect the position of the work area and the position of the vehicle. The communication module of 433M realizes the function of information transmission between the work area and the vehicle. The warning information is released after the external instruction input and the system processing. The warning information can be perceived by the driver in the form of text display and voice prompt, and the function of system security warning can be realized. At the end of this paper, the actual vehicle simulation scene test is carried out to verify the reliability of the system. Through the analysis of the experimental data, the system can realize the accurate processing of information and the timely early warning of road operation, which basically meets the design requirements of safety warning.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP277

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