改进型仿水流PID算法的研究

发布时间：2018-06-05 15:17

本文选题：仿水流优化算法 + 启发式算法　；参考：《华北理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：PID控制器参数优化一直是控制领域研究的重要问题,单一的控制算法已经不能满足系统性能的要求。仿流水算法是一种启发式算法,利用自然界水流动的过程中所产生的现象,对PID参数进行调整和优化设计。将新兴的启发式算法(仿水流算法)与常规PID控制器相结合,研究用仿水流算法来优化PID控制器,使系统各项性能指标达到最优。WFA模拟水流作为解代理人,在重力作用下,从较高的地势流向较低的地势。在水动力的驱动下,水流量根据地形通过分流和汇流调整其分布和方向。大多数情况下,最终至少一股水流可以行进到地势的最低区域。在大气中,一些水流将蒸发并由降水返回地面。WFA的灵感来自于自然的水流,WFA通过执行水流分流、汇流、蒸发和降水操作以遍历解空间,从而优化算法。解代理人的数量是动态变化的。兼顾及空间的探索(Exploration)和探究(Exploitation),避免搜寻过度或搜寻不足。提出三种分流移步法并对改进的仿水流算法对PID控制器参数进行优化,对陷入局部搜索的水流实施区域搜寻机制。以典型被控对象模型为例,验证了仿水流优化PID控制器的有效性,并将其应用到双容水箱液位的控制中,该系统的仿真由Matlab中的Simulink模块进行仿真,根据仿真所得结果,仿水流算法优化PID控制器效果显著。以上分析表明改进的仿水流算法应用于PID控制器中对水箱液位进行调节,解决了液位控制系统的收敛速度慢,精度低等问题,使系统运行过程中稳定、快速的进行调节。
[Abstract]:Pid controller parameter optimization has been an important problem in the field of control. The single control algorithm can not meet the requirements of system performance. The flow simulation algorithm is a heuristic algorithm, which adjusts and optimizes pid parameters by using the phenomena in the process of natural water flow. Combining the new heuristic algorithm (simulated flow algorithm) with the conventional pid controller, this paper studies how to optimize the pid controller by using the simulated flow algorithm, which makes the system achieve the optimal performance. WFA simulates the flow as the solution agent under the action of gravity. From higher terrain to lower terrain. The distribution and direction of water flow are adjusted by diversion and confluence according to the topography driven by hydrodynamic force. In most cases, at least one stream of water can eventually reach the lowest part of the terrain. In the atmosphere, some water flows will evaporate and return to the ground from the precipitation. WFA is inspired by the natural water flow. WFA traverses the solution space by performing water diversion, confluence, evaporation and precipitation operations, and thus optimizes the algorithm. The number of solution agents is dynamic. Both spatial exploration and exploration to avoid excessive or inadequate search. In this paper, three shunt moving methods are proposed, and the parameters of pid controller are optimized by the improved simulated flow algorithm, and the regional search mechanism is implemented for the flow trapped in local search. Taking the typical controlled object model as an example, the effectiveness of the simulated flow optimization pid controller is verified and applied to the level control of the double tank. The simulation of the system is carried out by the Simulink module in Matlab, and the simulation results are obtained. The simulation flow algorithm is effective in optimizing pid controller. The above analysis shows that the improved simulated flow algorithm is applied to adjust the level of water tank in pid controller, which solves the problems of slow convergence speed and low precision of the liquid level control system, and makes the system stable and fast in the process of operation.
【学位授予单位】：华北理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP273

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