基于在线称重的犊牛精确给料控制系统研究

发布时间：2018-06-05 14:04

本文选题：犊牛 + 在线称重　；参考：《石河子大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：犊牛作为牛场的后备力量,饲养管理的好坏将会直接影响犊牛成年后的生产性能。随着信息技术和自动化技术的不断发展,我国畜牧业逐步向智能化和自动化方向发展,智能化、自动化的畜牧装备不仅解决了人工饲喂劳动强度大、效率低的问题,而且提高了畜牧业生产效率,降低了畜牧业生产成本。为此,亟需开展犊牛智能化、自动化饲喂技术装备的研究。本文以犊牛体重为饲喂依据,以巴氏杀菌奶为饲喂物料,提出了一种基于在线称重的犊牛精确给料控制系统,该饲喂系统综合考虑犊牛个体体重信息,通过采用单片机与动态称重相结合的技术方案,完成了犊牛精确饲喂控制系统的搭建,解决了犊牛精确饲喂过程中的位置检测、体重信息实时采集、饲喂量计算及精确给料,实现了犊牛饲喂的智能化、自动化、精确化,为犊牛精确饲喂装备的研究与发展奠定了基础。基于在线称重的犊牛精确给料控制系统以Keil uVision4为开发环境,C语言为开发语言,采用模块化设计方法,实现了控制系统的模块化管理,系统主要分为供水模式(用于对常乳进行巴氏消毒时所用水的供给控制)、巴氏消毒模式(在巴氏消毒时对常乳进行温度控制和搅拌)、饲喂模式(根据犊牛饲喂量对犊牛个体进行精确饲喂)、清洗模式(辅助人工对犊牛饲喂机的搅拌加工桶进行清洗)等四个运行模式,该系统精确给料通过饲喂模式实现,具体实现方法为:当红外识别装置检测到犊牛到来时,进行犊牛的在线称重,将体重信息采集后传送至以STC89C52RC单片机为控制核心的控制系统,通过建立犊牛饲喂量的数学函数模型,采用正向推理的方法来完成个体犊牛饲喂量计算,实现犊牛的精确给料,系统的供水模式、清洗模式、巴氏消毒模式等三个模式作为该控制系统的辅助模块。系统搭建完成后,在新疆生产建设兵团第八师121团中心牛场进行了生产试验,试验结果表明:系统红外识别装置犊牛识别率100.0%,在线体重采集精度不低于98.9%,投料精度不低于98.5%。
[Abstract]:As the reserve force of calf farm, the quality of feeding and management will directly affect the production performance of calves after adulthood. With the continuous development of information technology and automation technology, the animal husbandry in our country has gradually developed to the direction of intelligence and automation. The intelligent and automatic animal husbandry equipment has not only solved the problem of high labor intensity and low efficiency in artificial feeding. Moreover, the efficiency of animal husbandry production is improved and the production cost of animal husbandry is reduced. Therefore, it is urgent to study the intelligent and automatic feeding equipment of calves. Based on calves weight and pasteurized milk, an accurate feeding control system for calves based on on-line weighing was proposed in this paper. The information of individual weight of calves was taken into account in the feeding system. By adopting the technical scheme of combining single chip microcomputer with dynamic weighing, the system of accurate feeding control for calves is built, and the position detection, real-time collection of body weight information, calculation of feed quantity and accurate feeding of calves in the process of accurate feeding are solved. The intelligence, automation and precision of calves feeding were realized, which laid a foundation for the research and development of calves feeding equipment. The accurate feeding control system of calves based on on-line weighing is developed with Keil uVision4 as the development environment and C language as the development language. The modular management of the control system is realized by adopting the modular design method. The system is mainly divided into water supply mode (water supply control for pasteurization of regular milk, pasteurization mode) (temperature control and stirring of milk during pasteurization, feeding mode (according to the feed quantity of calves) The four operation modes are accurate feeding of calves, cleaning mode (auxiliary manual cleaning of mixing and processing buckets of calves feeding machine), The accurate feeding system is realized by feeding mode. The method is: when the infrared recognition device detects the arrival of calves, it carries on the on-line weighing of the calves, then collects the weight information and transmits it to the control system with STC89C52RC single chip microcomputer as the control core. By establishing the mathematical function model of calves feeding quantity, the method of forward reasoning is used to calculate the feeding quantity of individual calves, which can realize the accurate feeding of calves, the systematic water supply mode and the cleaning mode. Three modes of pasteurization are used as auxiliary modules of the control system. After the system was set up, the production test was carried out in the 121st regiment central cattle farm of the eighth Division of Xinjiang production and Construction Corps. The results showed that the recognition rate of calves with the infrared recognition device was 100.0. the accuracy of on-line weight collection was not lower than 98.9and the feeding precision was not lower than 98.5.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP273;S823

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