仿生机器鱼非光滑表面减阻性能研究

发布时间：2018-06-12 16:16

本文选题：仿生机器鱼 + 仿真优化　；参考：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前自主式水下航行器已广泛应用于海洋各个领域之中,并取得了卓越成绩。然而,由于其外形特点以及推进方式,在性能上仍然有很大的提升空间。基于此,课题组将研制一款具有高推进效率、高机动性、长续航能力的仿生机器鱼。本文将通过对仿生机器鱼外形结构进行仿真优化的方式,重点研究其减阻方法并分析其减阻性能。首先针对目前的水下航行器现状进行了综述,并进一步阐述了本文主要的研究内容即非光滑表面减阻的现状以及各种方法的优缺点,结合研制要求等因素,确定了沟槽结构和随行波结构作为减阻结构。其次分析了仿生鱼体在航行期间的阻力情况,构建了相应的数学模型,包括流体动力学中的控制方程和湍流模型,并按照研究内容确定了处理相关方程的离散方法和求解方式。再次研究了仿生机器鱼流线性设计对于减小压差阻力的优势,并设计了沟槽结构和随行波结构,将其分别添加在鱼首鱼身鱼尾三个部位上,仿真了沟槽结构、随行波结构和光滑结构在6m/s航速下的流场特性。并通过0.1m/s-10m/s的数据分析,在鱼首和鱼尾即径向尺寸变化的部位选择添加随行波减阻结构,在鱼身即径向尺寸没有变化或变化很小的部分选择沟槽结构。最后本文将不同的非光滑结构组合应用到仿生机器鱼表面,并分析对比了其与光滑表面仿生机器鱼的流场特点,得到了在0.1m/s-10m/s速度范围内的减阻性能。除此之外,还分析了鱼体处于柔性摆动状态时的减阻性能。通过仿真结果的对比分析得出结论,沟槽和随行波相组合的非光滑表面仿生机器鱼具有良好的减阻性能。
[Abstract]:At present, autonomous underwater vehicle has been widely used in various areas of the ocean, and achieved outstanding results. However, due to its shape and propulsion, there is still a lot of room for improvement in performance. Based on this, we will develop a bionic robotic fish with high propulsion efficiency, high mobility and long endurance. In this paper, the method of drag reduction and the performance of bionic robot fish are studied by means of simulation and optimization. First of all, the current situation of underwater vehicle is summarized, and the main research content of this paper, namely, the current situation of non-smooth surface drag reduction, the advantages and disadvantages of various methods, combined with the development requirements and other factors, are described. The groove structure and the accompanying wave structure are determined as drag reduction structures. Secondly, the resistance of the bionic fish during navigation is analyzed, and the corresponding mathematical model, including the governing equation and turbulence model in hydrodynamics, is constructed, and the discretization method and solution method to deal with the related equations are determined according to the research contents. The advantages of linear design of bionic robot fish flow to reduce pressure differential resistance are studied again, and the groove structure and accompanying wave structure are designed, which are added to three parts of fish body respectively, and the groove structure is simulated. The flow field characteristics of a traveling wave structure and a smooth structure at 6m/s speed. According to the data analysis of 0.1m/s-10m/s, the drag reduction structure of accompanying wave is added to the fish head and fish tail, and the groove structure is selected in the fish body where the radial size is not changed or is very small. Finally, different non-smooth structure combinations are applied to the surface of the bionic robot fish, and the flow field characteristics of the bionic fish with the smooth surface are analyzed and compared, and the drag reduction performance in the range of 0.1m/s-10m/s velocity is obtained. In addition, the drag reduction performance of a fish in a flexible swing state is also analyzed. The comparison and analysis of simulation results show that the bionic robotic fish with non-smooth surface combined with grooves and accompanying waves has good drag reduction performance.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP242

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