无位置传感器永磁同步电机中低速控制系统的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-06-17 23:24

本文选题：永磁同步电机 + 无传感器控制　；参考：《东南大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：无位置传感器永磁同步机控制系统已经被广泛地应用在各类产品中,但是目前的控制系统都存在中低速运行不稳定的问题。影响中低速稳定性的因素主要包括启动可靠性,闭环切换成功率,电流环以及速度环稳定性。因此,解决中低速稳定性问题对于永磁同步电机的应用具有重要意义。基于此,本文设计了新型的无位置传感器永磁同步电机中低速控制系统。针对中低速稳定性问题,本文将传统的无位置传感器中低速控制算法进行了优化,实现了一种基于全维状态观测器的中低速控制算法,主要做出了三处改进：采用预定位方式启动,保障了启动的可靠性：设计改进型全维状态观测器算法,提高了电流闭环和转速闭环的稳定性；优化转子位置估算算法,采用锁相环方式代替传统的反正切方式,提高了闭环切换成功率。通过Matlab对改进的算法进行建模仿真,验证了算法的可行性。最后,完成了改进型中低速控制系统的软硬件实现,并对本控制系统进行了功能测试。测试结果表明,本文所设计的控制系统低速启动无抖动,启动可靠；开环可以平滑地切换至闭环且稳定性较高；转速闭环稳定,可以工作在预定范围的±5%之内；电流闭环稳定,可以工作在预定范围的±10%之内。本文设计的控制系统可直接满足盘管风机应用,并对平衡车、水泵、洗衣机、空调等应用都有一定的实用价值。
[Abstract]:The control system of sensorless permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) has been widely used in all kinds of products, but the current control system has the problem of unstable running at medium and low speed. The main factors affecting the stability of middle and low speed include startup reliability, closed loop switching success rate, current loop and speed loop stability. Therefore, to solve the problem of low-speed stability is of great significance for the application of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). Based on this, a new low speed control system for sensorless permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is designed in this paper. In order to solve the problem of low and medium speed stability, this paper optimizes the traditional low speed control algorithm without position sensor, and realizes a low speed control algorithm based on full dimension state observer. Three main improvements are made: starting with predetermined bit mode to ensure the reliability of startup; designing an improved full-dimension state observer algorithm to improve the stability of current closed-loop and rotational speed closed-loop; optimizing rotor position estimation algorithm. The phase-locked loop (PLL) is used to replace the traditional cut-off method, which improves the success rate of closed-loop switching. The improved algorithm is modeled and simulated by Matlab, and the feasibility of the algorithm is verified. Finally, the hardware and software of the improved medium and low speed control system are implemented, and the function of the control system is tested. The test results show that the control system designed in this paper has no jitter at low speed, reliable start, open loop can be smoothly switched to the closed loop and has high stability, the speed closed loop is stable and can work within 卤5% of the predetermined range, and the current closed loop is stable. It can work within 卤10% of the predetermined range. The control system designed in this paper can directly meet the application of coil fan, and has certain practical value to the application of balancing car, water pump, washing machine, air conditioning and so on.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP273;TM341

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