WSN监控系统中路由和网关系统的研究与实现

发布时间：2018-12-12 06:21

【摘要】：随着信息技术的不断发展,无线传感器网络(Wireless Sensor Network,WSN)逐渐被社会各界所重视,在智能家居、电力设备管理和智能监控等各方面都有着广泛的应用。WSN中存在着很多的节点,如何控制节点的拓扑,使传感器网络高效传输数据;如何根据实际工作环境将WSN与现有通信网结合实现数据的远程传输;服务器如何对实时数据进行接收和处理,这些都是WSN研究的重点。由于开源协议栈的缺失,大多数WSN路由研究都是通过理论分析或仿真改进路由算法,较少通过硬件实现并进行实际测试,而算法的合理性和正确性的论证需要理论与实践相结合。在分析现有WSN路由算法的基础上,本文研究了基于Msstate PAN协议栈的路由算法硬件实现方法,并在实际应用中对硬件实现的路由算法进行测试。将Msstate PAN移植到通用的CC2530平台上,编程实现了固有路由算法和网络组网等关键技术。在实际应用环境中进行路由算法关键参数影响网络性能的硬件测试,分析路由关键参数的选择依据和规律;通过改变网络的拓扑结构,分析不同拓扑结构对网络性能的影响;最后在变电站现场进行应用实验。针对无线传感器网络网关通信方式单一、灵活性差的问题,设计并实现了一种自适应WSN监控系统网关,网关能够根据工作环境选择以太网、WiFi、GPRS通信方式中的一种来转发无线传感器网络的数据。处理器模块采用具有32位处理器的STM32F107,具有速度快、芯片容量大、外部资源多等优点,能满足系统开发的需求,通过设计处理器模块与外围Zig Bee模块、GPRS模块、WiFi模块的接口电路,完成网关系统的硬件开发;软件开发主要涉及TCP/IP协议栈的移植、多种通信方式的选择控制以及数据的发送接收等。最后,搭建温湿度监控实验系统对网关性能进行测试,结果表明该网关有扩展灵活、可靠性高、使用方便等特点。最后,在服务器端基于Socket编程开发了上位机软件,实现数据的接收、存储、查询等功能,能够对WSN数据进行有效处理。
[Abstract]:With the development of information technology, wireless sensor network (Wireless Sensor Network,WSN) has been paid more and more attention in the smart home. Power equipment management and intelligent monitoring have been widely used. There are many nodes in WSN. How to control the topology of nodes and make sensor networks transmit data efficiently; How to combine WSN with the existing communication network according to the actual working environment to realize the remote transmission of data, and how to receive and process the real-time data by the server are all the emphases of the WSN research. Due to the lack of open source protocol stack, most of the WSN routing research is through theoretical analysis or simulation to improve the routing algorithm, less through hardware implementation and actual testing. The rationality and correctness of the algorithm need the combination of theory and practice. Based on the analysis of the existing WSN routing algorithms, the hardware implementation method of the routing algorithm based on the Msstate PAN protocol stack is studied in this paper, and the hardware routing algorithm is tested in the practical application. The Msstate PAN is transplanted to the general CC2530 platform, and the inherent routing algorithm and network networking are realized by programming. In the practical application environment, the hardware test of the key parameters of routing algorithm affecting the network performance is carried out, and the selection basis and rule of the key parameters of routing are analyzed, and the influence of different topology structures on the network performance is analyzed by changing the topology structure of the network. Finally, the application experiment is carried out in the substation field. Aiming at the problem of single communication mode and poor flexibility of wireless sensor network gateway, an adaptive WSN monitoring system gateway is designed and implemented. The gateway can select Ethernet and WiFi, according to the working environment. A method of GPRS communication to transmit data from a wireless sensor network. STM32F107, with 32-bit processor has the advantages of high speed, large chip capacity and many external resources. It can meet the needs of system development. By designing processor module, peripheral Zig Bee module, GPRS module, etc. The interface circuit of the WiFi module completes the hardware development of the gateway system; Software development mainly involves the transplantation of TCP/IP protocol stack, the selection and control of various communication modes and the transmission and reception of data. Finally, the performance of the gateway is tested by setting up the temperature and humidity monitoring experiment system. The results show that the gateway has the characteristics of flexible expansion, high reliability and easy to use. Finally, the upper computer software is developed on the server side based on Socket, which realizes the functions of receiving, storing and querying the data, and can deal with the WSN data effectively.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN929.5;TP212.9;TN915.05

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