模糊控制在TR全纤维镦锻装置中的应用

发布时间：2019-01-14 11:52

【摘要】：在我国船舶工业的发展过程中,船用曲轴质量的好坏直接影响船舶的安全和可靠性,因此船用曲轴被称为船舶发动机的“动脉”。船用曲轴是由镦锻装置来制造,精确控制左右哈呋模具最终停止位置是问题的关键。然而传统手动控制的镦锻装置性能指标和精度都达不到要求,在实际生产过程中锻件成品精度不稳定,达不到锻件要求,甚至会发生模具“过合模”致使模具或TR(TadeuszRut)全纤维镦锻装置模座破坏,造成企业经济损失。针对上述问题,在整个锻造行业向着自动化和智能化的发展趋势下,本文设计了一套基于三菱FX3U可编程控制器的模糊控制系统,能提高TR全纤维镦锻装置自动化程度、安全性和可靠性,同时可以降低现场调试的难度,并能提高曲轴的成品率。本文对TR全纤维镦锻装置模具距离调节控制技术的发展现状做出了预测和研究,提出自己的控制方案,方案的主要内容为以下两点:第一,分析影响锻件成品尺寸精度的因素,并通过测量不同锻件温度下液压机停止时左右模具之间的距离和左右模具最终停止时之间的距离的数据,将得到的数据使用最小二乘法拟合出曲线并得到曲线相应二次多项式函数,分析锻件温度对镦锻装置控制的影响,提出了首次运行时液压机停止工作时两个模具之间距离的计算方法。第二,将模糊控制理论应用于控制方案中,模具之间的距离偏差和锻件温度作为模糊变量,建立模糊控制规则表和模糊控制查询表,使控制系统更简洁、安全和平稳,进而将自动调节左右哈呋模具最终停止之间距离的控制变为现实。在设计方案基础上完成了全纤维曲轴镦锻装置控制模具距离软硬件系统的设计。一方面完成了装配有包括三菱PLC、触摸屏、传感器和步进电机等装置的硬件系统设计。另一方面完成了包括计算模具距离程序、首次运行程序、手动模式步进电机运行程序、镦锻装置自动控制程序等的软件系统的设计。经实验室和现场调试,在两个模具最终停止距离发生变化的情况下,确保镦锻装置控制系统能达到锻件精度要求,通过实际工程应用,本系统控制精度优良、操作简单、安全性能高,满足控制要求。
[Abstract]:In the development of ship industry in China, the quality of marine crankshaft directly affects the safety and reliability of ship, so marine crankshaft is called "artery" of ship engine. The ship crankshaft is manufactured by upsetting device. The key to the problem is to accurately control the final stop position of the left and right hafuroxime die. However, the traditional manual control upsetting device performance index and precision can not meet the requirements, in the actual production process forgings are not stable, can not meet the requirements of forging. Even die "too close die" will cause mold or TR (TadeuszRut) all fiber upsetting device die base damage, resulting in economic losses. Aiming at the above problems, under the developing trend of automation and intelligence in the whole forging industry, a set of fuzzy control system based on Mitsubishi FX3U programmable controller is designed in this paper, which can improve the automation degree of TR all-fiber upsetting device. Safety and reliability, at the same time can reduce the difficulty of field debugging, and can improve the yield of crankshaft. This paper makes a prediction and research on the development of the control technology of the die distance adjustment in the TR all-fiber upsetting device, and puts forward its own control scheme. The main contents of the scheme are as follows: first, the factors that affect the dimensional accuracy of the finished forgings are analyzed. And by measuring the distance between the left and right dies when the hydraulic press stops at different forging temperatures and the distance between the left and right dies when they finally stop, The curve is fitted by the least square method and the corresponding quadratic polynomial function is obtained. The influence of forging temperature on the control of upsetting device is analyzed. The method of calculating the distance between the two dies when the hydraulic press stops working for the first time is put forward. Secondly, the fuzzy control theory is applied to the control scheme. The distance deviation between dies and forging temperature is taken as fuzzy variable, and the fuzzy control rule table and fuzzy control query table are established to make the control system more concise, safe and stable. Then the automatic adjustment of the left and right halofuroxime mold final stop between the control of the distance into reality. Based on the design scheme, the software and hardware system of the control die distance of the whole fiber crankshaft upsetting device is designed. On the one hand, the hardware system with Mitsubishi PLC, touch screen, sensor and step motor is designed. On the other hand, the software system is designed, which includes the program of calculating the distance of die, the first running program, the running program of step motor in manual mode, the automatic control program of upsetting device, etc. After laboratory and field debugging, under the condition that the final stop distance of the two dies changes, the upsetting device control system can meet the precision requirement of forging. Through practical engineering application, the control precision of the system is good, and the operation is simple. High safety performance, meet the control requirements.
【学位授予单位】：陕西科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U671;TP273.4

【相似文献】