基于微电极水膜传感器的研究

发布时间：2019-01-19 13:25

【摘要】：每年因雨雪等恶劣天气的原因,导致大量的人员伤亡,因此及时获得路面的气象信息显得尤为重要。水膜传感器作为路面传感系统的重要部分,起着关键作用,但目前国内市场基本被欧美国家垄断,检测技术也同样受制于人,所以本文的主要工作是研究一种廉价实用的水膜厚度测量装置。本文研究了一种接触式的路面水膜厚度测量传感器,利用水的导电特性和微电极的伏安特性,建立了水膜检测工作模型。结合微电子制作工艺,将微电极间距加工至0.5mm,单个检测电极面积为0.2mm2。传感器将水膜厚度信息变化以电压信号的形式输出,通过硬件电路将交流电压信号整流成直流信号,然后滤波校准放大进入A/D采集。对驱动信号进行改进,在公共电极部分输入静态直流电位为零的正负交替1MHz的脉冲信号。对电极腐蚀现象做出了改进,通过降低电极之间的腐蚀电势差和在检测电极端匹配较高的阻抗来降低电流。分析水膜传感器测量数据不稳定的问题,通过电极材料的比对实验,选定更为稳定的铂金作为电极材料。对采集的数据通过插值算法进行插值处理,然后使用最小二乘法检索结果,输出误差最小的水膜厚度值。水膜传感器的误差控制在0.6%以内,传感器的测量量程为0-80mm,测量精度为0.5mm。最终将检测水膜厚度的数据通过上位机的页面进行显示,实现了对液膜厚度的有效监测与统计记录功能。
[Abstract]:Because of the bad weather such as rain and snow every year, a large number of casualties are caused, so it is very important to get the weather information of road surface in time. As an important part of road surface sensing system, water film sensor plays a key role, but at present the domestic market is basically monopolized by European and American countries, and the detection technology is also controlled by people. Therefore, the main work of this paper is to study a cheap and practical device for measuring the thickness of water film. In this paper, a contact sensor for measuring the thickness of pavement water film is studied. Based on the conductivity of water and the volt-ampere characteristic of microelectrode, the working model of water film detection is established. In combination with the microelectronic fabrication process, the distance between the microelectrodes was processed to 0.5 mm, and the area of a single detection electrode was 0.2 mm 2 mm. The sensor outputs the water film thickness information in the form of voltage signal, rectifies the AC voltage signal into DC signal through hardware circuit, and then filters and calibrates and amplifies it into A / D acquisition. The driving signal is improved to input the pulse signal of positive and negative alternating 1MHz with zero static DC potential in the common electrode. The corrosion phenomenon of the electrode is improved by reducing the corrosion potential difference between the electrodes and matching the high impedance in the detection of electric extremes to reduce the current. This paper analyzes the instability of measurement data of water film sensor and selects more stable platinum as electrode material through the comparison experiment of electrode material. The collected data are interpolated by interpolation algorithm, and the results are retrieved by the least square method, and the water film thickness with the smallest error is outputted. The error of the water film sensor is controlled within 0.6%, the measuring range of the sensor is 0-80 mm, and the measuring precision is 0.5 mm. Finally, the data of measuring the thickness of water film is displayed through the page of the upper computer, which realizes the effective monitoring and statistical recording of the thickness of liquid film.
【学位授予单位】：南京信息工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212

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