论我国矿产资源国家所有权的性质及其完善

发布时间：2017-12-27 03:03

本文关键词：论我国矿产资源国家所有权的性质及其完善　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：矿产资源所有权性质的界定是完善矿产资源法律制度的前提条件,而自然资源国家所有权理论研究的深入,为矿产资源国家所有权性质的界定提供了理论基础。本文的主要目的在于通过对自然资源国家所有权性质界定的相关理论的研究分析,确定我国矿产资源国家所有权的性质,在明确矿产资源国家所有权性质的前提下,发现我国目前矿产资源法律制度存在的问题,并有针对性的提出相关建议,以期为完善目前我国矿产资源法律体系提供新的思路。本文共分为四部分:第一部分,介绍矿产资源国家所有权性质界定的必要性。近几年发生的各种自然资源归属案件颇受争议,"乌木""狗头金"等资源归属引起了社会的广泛讨论,自然资源国家所有权重新引起学者们的思考和讨论。受此影响,我国的矿产资源国家所有权也应该引起重视,以正确地处理当前政府与公民在矿产资源开发利用过程中的关系,同时为完善我国矿产资源法律制度提供明确的思路和方向。第二部分,主要介绍针对自然资源国家所有权性质,我国学者提出的不同的观点,主要分为两大观点:制度说与法权说,在此分类下,制度说又分为国家所有制、公共财产制与制度性保障说三大观点;法权说又分为物权说、公权力说、公私结合/转化说,并对这几种观点进行了评析,确立自己的观点:认为公权力说的观点更具有说服力,同意公权力说。第三部分,阐释矿产资源国家所有权的性质是一种公权力,是我国《宪法》第9条赋予国家的立法、行政以及监督上的权力,以保护矿产资源的合理开发利用,维护社会公共利益。第四部分,在明确了我国矿产资源国家所有权的性质是一种公权力的前提下,提出我国矿产资源法律制度在立法、行政管理法律制度存在的问题。我国矿产资源法律制度在立法方面存在立法过于抽象与粗糙,立法缺失、立法迟滞三大主要方面的问题。在行政管理制度方面存在中央与地方权力配置不合理,财政税费的设置目的没实现这两大主要方面的问题。第五部分,在发现相关问题后,针对存在的问题提出建议。在立法方面建议完善立法,主要在于改进立法技术,更新立法,健全相关法律制度,填补法律空白。在行政管理方面则应该根据具体情况合理配置政府权力,在明确矿产资源国家所有权公权力性质的基础上恢复相关税费设置的目的,同时为防止政府权力膨胀,建议建立行政公益诉讼制度以加强对政府权力的监督。结论再一次明确我国矿产资源国家所有权的性质并不是传统所认为的民法意义上的私权,而是我国宪法赋予国家的对矿产资源立法、管理和监督的权力,防止我国矿产资源法律制度遁入私法,偏离我国《宪法》确立矿产资源国家所有权的目的。以上五部分构成本文的主要内容,其目的在于通过自然资源国家所有权性质界定的相关理论明确我国矿产资源国家所有权的性质,并在此指导下,发现我国目前矿产资源法律制度存在的问题,进而提出相关建议,希望为完善我国矿产资源法律制度起到一定的作用。
[Abstract]:The definition of the nature of mineral resources ownership is a prerequisite for improving the legal system of mineral resources. The in-depth study of the theory of natural resources and state ownership provides a theoretical basis for the definition of the state ownership of mineral resources. The main purpose of this paper is to research the theory of defining the nature of state ownership of natural resources, determine the nature of national ownership of mineral resources in China, in the premise of clear nature of state ownership of mineral resources, mineral resources found in our current legal system of the existing problems, and put forward relevant suggestions, in order to for the current mineral resources legal system in China to provide a new way to improve. This article is divided into four parts: the first part, the necessity of defining the nature of the national ownership of mineral resources. All kinds of natural resources belonging to cases in recent years have proved controversial, "ebony" and "nugget" ownership of resources has aroused wide discussion, the state ownership of natural resources caused by re thinking and discussion of scholars. Affected by this, the state ownership of mineral resources in China should also be paid attention to, so as to correctly handle the relationship between the current government and citizens in the process of mineral resources development and utilization, and to provide clear ideas and directions for improving China's mineral resources legal system. The second part mainly introduces the nature of state ownership of natural resources, Chinese scholars put forward different views, mainly divided into two perspectives: system theory and law, this classification, the system can be divided into state ownership and public property system and the institutional guarantee that three points can be divided into the right; property right, public power, private / transformation said, and the several views analyzed to establish their own point of view that public power theory is more convincing, with public power said. The third part explains that the nature of mineral resources state ownership is a public power. It is the power of legislation, administration and supervision that the ninth clause of the Constitution gives to the state, so as to protect the rational development and utilization of mineral resources and maintain social and public interests. The fourth part, after clarified that the nature of mineral resources state ownership is a kind of public power, puts forward the existing problems in legislation and administration system of mineral resources law system in China. The legal system of mineral resources in China has three major problems, such as too abstract and rough legislation, lack of legislation and legislative delay. In the administrative system, the central and local power allocation is not reasonable, the purpose of setting up the fiscal tax and fee has not realized the two main aspects. The fifth part, after the discovery of the related problems, put forward suggestions on the existing problems. In the legislative aspect, it is suggested to improve the legislation, mainly to improve the legislative technology, update the legislation, improve the relevant legal system and fill the gap of the law. In the aspect of administration should according to the specific circumstances of the rational allocation of government power recovery related taxes set to clear the state ownership of mineral resources based on the nature of the public power, at the same time to prevent the expansion of government power, recommended the establishment of administrative public interest litigation system to strengthen the supervision of government power. Conclusion the civil law once again clear national ownership of mineral resources in China and the traditional nature of private right, but our Constitution gives the national legislation of mineral resources, management and supervision of power, to prevent the legal system of China's mineral resources into private law, deviation from China's "constitution" the establishment of national ownership of mineral resources the purpose of. These five parts constitute the main contents of this paper, the purpose of theory through the nature of natural resources of state ownership definition of definite property of national ownership of mineral resources in China, and under the guidance of this, found the law system of mineral resources in China at present, and puts forward some relevant suggestions, hope to have certain effect for the perfection of our country the legal system of mineral resources play.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.62

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