大安市农地后备资源开发生态补偿对策研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 05:34

  本文关键词：大安市农地后备资源开发生态补偿对策研究　出处：《吉林农业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 农地后备资源 生态补偿 生态足迹 生态系统服务

【摘要】：农地后备资源开发是补充耕地、增加其他农用地和发展建设用地的重要途径，它能有效解决我国人民的温饱问题。农地后背资源的开发利用还可以弥补工业化和城市化对耕地的占用，从而为粮食和其他农产品的生产提供最基础的土地资源保障，为经济的可持续发展提供长期稳定的物质基础。吉林省西部土地整理开发，也是出于这样的目的，达到增产百亿斤粮食。但是由于长时间、大规模的连续开发，导致适宜开发、易于开发的农地后备资源变得越来越少。目前存在的农地后备资源多分布于生态脆弱、肥力较低、开发利用因素限制较强的区域，不仅开发后农地质量难以保障，而且会面临各种生态环境问题。通过实地走访了解到大安市农用地后背资源开发后对于生态具有一定的影响，主要表现在水资源、大气、生物多样性等方面。所以本文立足于这种开发对生态造成的破坏进行补偿，研究了补偿的主体、客体、补偿方式和补偿标准。 在研究过程中主要使用的方法有实地调研法、生态足迹模型、生态系统服务价值计算等方法。 具体研究结果和研究结论包括以下几个方面： （1）根据大安市自然资源状况和社会经济情况，并以大安市土地开发的内容为依据，总结了大安市农用地后背资源的特征：后备资源储量大，，多为Ⅱ、Ⅲ等宜耕土地，分布不集中，多为小片形式，且土壤肥力不同。以及对于开发后存在的生态问题。 （2）根据查阅的文献，结合大安市农用地后备资源开发的情况，确定政府为补偿主体，对生态造成的破坏的补偿作为补偿对象，采取智力补偿、实物补偿、资金补偿和政策补偿相结合的补偿方式。通过生态足迹模型和生态系统服务价值相结合的方法计算得到吉林省大安市农用地后备资源生态补偿的标准为5999.92元/hm2，总的生态补偿为50246.45万元。 （3）农用地后背资源开发涉及的工程庞大，具有长期性，而且对与自然生态系统是一种强烈的干预行为。通过对当地农民的了解，得到了农用地后备资源开发对生态环境的影响。主要表现为对水资源、生物多样、土地质量和沙化现象、大气产生了不利的影响 （4）调查结果显示，农民对生态补偿、生态危机的概念不了解，听说过，但具体并不了解。政府对于生态保护方面的宣传工作也有待提高。
[Abstract]:The development of farmland reserve resources is an important way to supplement cultivated land, increase other agricultural land and develop construction land. It can effectively solve the problem of food and clothing of Chinese people, and the exploitation and utilization of agricultural land backside resources can also make up for the occupation of cultivated land by industrialization and urbanization. In order to provide the most basic land resources security for the production of grain and other agricultural products, and to provide a long-term and stable material basis for the sustainable development of the economy, land consolidation and development in the western part of Jilin Province is also for this purpose. To increase grain production by 100 billion catties. However, due to a long period of time and continuous large-scale development, it is suitable for development. The reserve resources of farmland which are easy to be exploited become less and less. At present, the reserve resources of farmland are mostly distributed in the areas where the ecology is fragile, the fertility is low, and the factors of exploitation and utilization are more restrictive. Not only the quality of agricultural land after development is difficult to ensure, but also will face a variety of ecological problems. Through field visits to understand that after the development of agricultural land resources in Da'an has a certain impact on the ecology. It is mainly manifested in water resources, atmosphere, biodiversity and so on. Therefore, based on the compensation of ecological damage caused by this kind of development, this paper studies the subject, object, compensation method and compensation standard of compensation. The main methods used in the research are field investigation, ecological footprint model, ecosystem service value calculation and so on. Specific findings and conclusions include the following: 1) according to the situation of natural resources and social economy in Da'an city, and based on the content of land development in Da'an city, this paper summarizes the characteristics of backside resources of agricultural land in Da'an city: reserves of reserve resources are large, most of them are 鈪

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