黑龙江省讷河市节水增粮项目区地下水资源评价及利用

发布时间：2018-01-16 09:53

本文关键词：黑龙江省讷河市节水增粮项目区地下水资源评价及利用　出处：《黑龙江大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：水是人类社会生存和发展的基本物质条件。在中国北方、干早、半干早地区的许多地区和城市,地下水已成为重要的甚至唯一的供水源。讷河市位于黑龙江省西北部,是黑龙江省主要的粮食生产基地。人们生活及工农业发展对地下水资源的需求越来越大,对地下水的不合理开采,产生了局部地下水位下降;开展节水增粮项目,对讷河市地下水资源的合理开发利用提出了更高要求。因此,对讷河市地下水资源进行评价,提出讷河市地下水合理开发利用方案,旨在为该地区地下水开发利用提供科学依据。本文以讷河市节水增粮行动为依托,通过收集已有资料、观测井数据采集、现场调查等手段,分析了项目区的地质、水文地质条件,以水文地质单元为基础,得到区域地下水资源量及节水增粮项目对区域地下水的影响,为讷河市节水增粮区域水资源综合利用提供依据。取得的主要成果如下:⑴收集整理研究区域的基本资料,对研究区的水文地质条件、地下水类型、地下水动态规律及地下水化学特征等进行分析研究,并进行计算分区。通过资料分析研究得出,该地区地下水位维持平衡状态,无明显下降趋势。通过调查、取样等分析手段,对研究区的水化学特征进行分析,结果表明,研究区水质满足灌溉和生活饮用标准,饮用水源井综合评价均为良好,灌溉水井中两处综合评价较差,这两处均为铁含量较高,其中龙河镇青色草原氨氮也超标,其余几处均为良好。⑵对研究区域的地下水资源量进行计算,结果为研究区地下水总补给量为12958.5万m3/a,平均补给模数为6.895万m3/a·km2,可开采为6484.66万m3。从全区看,讷谟尔河以北老莱河以东的区域补给条件较差,讷谟尔河以北老莱河以西区域居中,讷谟尔河以南区域补给条件较好。⑶根据节水增粮项目取用水方案分析研究,对地下水位进行预测,并依据计算结果,对研究区地下水资源开发利用程度进行评价,为讷河市节水增粮项目区水资源可持续利用提供一定的科学依据。
[Abstract]:Water is the basic material condition for the survival and development of human society. In northern China, many areas and cities in dry and semi-dry areas. Groundwater has become an important or even the only source of water supply. Nehe City is located in the northwest of Heilongjiang Province, is the main food production base in Heilongjiang Province. The unreasonable exploitation of groundwater resulted in the decrease of local groundwater level. Developing the project of saving water and increasing grain puts forward higher requirements for the rational development and utilization of groundwater resources in Nehe City. Therefore, the paper evaluates the groundwater resources of Nehe City and puts forward a plan for rational development and utilization of groundwater resources in Nehe City. The purpose of this paper is to provide scientific basis for groundwater exploitation and utilization in this area. Based on the action of saving water and increasing grain in Nehe city, this paper collects the existing data, collects the data of observation wells, and investigates on the spot. The geological and hydrogeological conditions of the project area are analyzed. Based on the hydrogeological unit, the effects of regional groundwater resources quantity and the project of saving water and increasing grain on regional groundwater are obtained. It provides the basis for the comprehensive utilization of water resources in the area of saving water and increasing grain in Nehe city. The main results obtained are as follows: 1. Collect and sort out the basic data of the research area, the hydrogeological conditions and the type of groundwater in the study area. The dynamic law of groundwater and the chemical characteristics of groundwater are analyzed, and the zoning of groundwater is calculated. Through the analysis of data, it is concluded that there is no obvious downward trend of groundwater level in this area. The results show that the water quality of the study area meets the standards of irrigation and drinking, and the comprehensive evaluation of drinking water source wells is good. The comprehensive evaluation of the two irrigation wells is poor, both of which are high in iron content, and the ammonia nitrogen of the cyan steppe in Longhe Town is also exceeding the standard, and the others are good .2 to calculate the quantity of groundwater resources in the study area. The results show that the total groundwater recharge is one hundred and twenty-nine million five hundred and eighty-five thousand m3 / a, the average recharge modulus is 68,950 m3 / a 路km2, and the recoverable value is sixty-four million eight hundred and forty-six thousand and six hundred m3. The area to the east of Laolai River to the north of Numur River is poor, and the area to the west of Laolai River to the north of Numur River is in the middle. The recharge conditions in the south of the Namur River are good. 3. According to the analysis and study of the water intake scheme of the water-saving and grain increasing project, the groundwater level is predicted and calculated. The degree of development and utilization of groundwater resources in the study area is evaluated, which provides a scientific basis for the sustainable utilization of water resources in the project area of water saving and grain increasing in Nehe City.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P641.8

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