自然资源丰裕是诅咒还是福音

发布时间：2018-01-17 01:10

本文关键词：自然资源丰裕是诅咒还是福音　出处：《湖南科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自然资源一直被认为是经济增长一个极其重要因素。但纵观世界范围，尼日尼亚、委内瑞拉、俄罗斯等国家拥有丰富的自然资源财富，却表现出糟糕的经济迹象。美国、德国、英国却依靠丰裕的自然资源走上了发达国家之路。同样资源丰裕的博茨瓦纳、挪威、阿联酋却是在充分享受资源财富所带来的经济效益。反观一些资源比较贫乏的地区，如香港、日本、韩国还有欧洲一些国家，反而显示出更好的经济绩效。从我国国内层面观察，资源丰裕的中西部地区的经济表现也远远不如资源缺乏的东部地区。面对上述情况，自然资源的存在对于经济表现到底是祝福还是诅咒，已经成为当今学者们研究的热门课题之一。自然资源到底是如何影响到经济发展，找出其中的传导机制，才能提出有效阻碍资源诅咒传导途径的建议，合理正确高效率的利用自然资源，促进经济的全面发展。本文首先对国内外的典型事例进行归纳分析，决定从非制度和制度两个视角进行解释。非制度角度下资源对经济的传导机制源于荷兰病引起反工业化、干中学缺失、资源价格波动三方面。制度视角的解析属于本文的重点部分，认为经济诅咒产生主要从资源寻租行为、资源经济自强机制、产权模糊三个方向所致。实证部分，加入了市场化水平衡量的制度变量，选取2000-2011年的全国31个省的面板数据进行检验，得到我国省际层面的确存在资源诅咒现象。进一步分析解释资源对经济的传导机制，，并对各个传导机制的影响程度进行了测算排序，分别为人力资本、制度质量、技术创新、对外开放度。因此基于理论和实证的研究，围绕人力资本和制度两大方向，本文对如何预防和缓解资源诅咒状况提出针对性的政策建议。希望能为资源地区的经济发展提供一些可利用性的意见。
[Abstract]:Natural resources have long been seen as an extremely important factor in economic growth. But around the world, countries such as Nigeria, Venezuela and Russia are rich in natural resources. The United States, Germany, and Britain are on the path of rich natural resources to the developed world. Botswana, Norway, is also rich in resources. The United Arab Emirates, on the other hand, is taking full advantage of the economic benefits of resource wealth. On the other hand, some regions with relatively poor resources, such as Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea and some European countries. On the other hand, it shows better economic performance. From the domestic level, the economic performance of the resource-rich central and western regions is far worse than that of the resource-scarce eastern region. Whether the existence of natural resources is a blessing or curse for economic performance has become one of the hot topics of scholars. How natural resources affect economic development and find out the transmission mechanism. In order to effectively hinder the transmission of the curse of resources, reasonable and efficient use of natural resources to promote the overall development of the economy. In this paper, the typical cases at home and abroad are summarized and analyzed, and it is decided to explain from the perspective of non-institutional and institutional. The transmission mechanism of resource to economy under the non-institutional perspective originates from the anti-industrialization caused by Dutch disease. The analysis of the institutional perspective belongs to the key part of this paper. The author thinks that the economic curse mainly comes from the rent-seeking behavior of resources and the mechanism of self-strengthening of resource economy. The empirical part, adding the system variables of market level measurement, selects the panel data of 31 provinces from 2000 to 2011 to test. It is concluded that the phenomenon of resource curse does exist at the provincial level in China. Further analysis and explanation of the transmission mechanism of resources to the economy, and the impact of each transmission mechanism is calculated and sorted, respectively, human capital. System quality, technological innovation, opening to the outside world. Therefore, based on the theoretical and empirical research, around the human capital and system two major directions. This paper puts forward some policy suggestions on how to prevent and alleviate the resource curse and hopes to provide some useful suggestions for the economic development of resource areas.
【学位授予单位】：湖南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F124.5

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