开都—孔雀河流域水资源承载力研究

发布时间：2018-02-06 05:22

  本文关键词： 开都-孔雀河流域 水资源负载 供需平衡 水资源承载力　出处：《新疆大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着人类社会不断进步，人口数量增加、社会经济发展，产业结构不合理和生态环境破坏等导致水环境问题、水资源供需矛盾日益突出，已经限制了人类的生存和发展，因此水资源问题已成为人类社会亟待解决的一个问题。开都-孔雀河流域位于新疆维吾尔自治区天山南麓，不仅是南疆绿洲的生态源，还是重要的生命源，但时空分布的不均匀导致水资源的利用难度很大，部分县市水资源的紧缺已经影响到当地社会经济的发展。因此，研究开都-孔雀河流域水资源承载力并制定与之相协调的发展对策，，对该流域国民经济发展有重要的现实意义。本论文主要从开都-孔雀河流域的水资源开发利用和供需平衡以及水资源承载力两个方面展开论述。得到以下初步结论： 1．本文分析了开都-孔雀河流域的工业、农业、生活、生态环境用水及其供需情况。并用水资源负载指数对开都河流域水资源的开发利用情况进行了评判。研究结果表明：供需不平衡的县市为尉犁县、库尔勒市、焉耆、博湖。其中库尔勒、尉犁缺水量较大；焉耆、博湖缺水量较小；和静县、和硕县有盈余量，流域内水资源供需基本平衡。对于水资源的开发利用，从行政分区来看，开都-孔雀河流域有50%的县市在2010、2012年属于Ⅰ级，其中库尔勒市更为明显，水资源利用程度较高，开发利用潜力较小；从整体上看，整个流域的水资源前景不容乐观，开发潜力非常有限。 2．构建了评价开都-孔雀河流域水资源承载力的模糊综合评判模型，对流域不同水平年的水资源承载力进行了综合评价。水资源承载力横向结果表明：开都-孔雀河流域各县市水资源承载力表现为时间差异不显著，空间差异显著的分布特点，流域内各县市皆属可承载范围。 3．水资源承载力纵向结果表明：虽然开孔河流域水资源子系统总体上呈现了良好的支撑能力，但却呈持续下降状态。由于人口增多、城镇与乡村生活用水增加，灌溉用水增加，社会子系统呈下降状态。经济发展子系统对于水资源承载的支撑呈现波动式发展状态。虽然生态环境子系统承载力处于“强”承载状态，但逐年递减趋势明显，这主要因为河流水质的降低，土壤盐渍化问题严重，虽然经过治理，但效果不明显。
[Abstract]:With the development of human society, the increase of population, the development of social economy, the unreasonable industrial structure and the destruction of ecological environment, etc., the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources is becoming more and more prominent. Has restricted the survival and development of human beings, so water resources has become a problem to be solved urgently in human society. Kaidu-Kongque River basin is located in the southern foot of Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region. It is not only the ecological source of southern Xinjiang oasis, but also an important source of life, but the uneven distribution of time and space leads to the difficulty of water resources utilization. The shortage of water resources in some counties and cities has affected the development of local society and economy. Therefore, the carrying capacity of water resources in Kaidu-Malacho River Basin is studied and coordinated development countermeasures are formulated. This paper mainly discusses the exploitation and utilization of water resources, the balance of supply and demand and the carrying capacity of water resources in Kaidu-Malque River basin. On:. 1. This paper analyses the industry, agriculture and life of the Kaidu-Kongque River basin. The development and utilization of water resources in the Kedu River basin were evaluated by using the water resources load index. The results showed that the counties with unbalanced supply and demand were Yuli County and Kurle City. Yanqi, Bohu. Among them, Korla, Yuli water shortage is large; Yanqi, Bohu water shortage is small; Hejing County, Hesu County has surplus, water resources supply and demand in the basin is basically balanced. For the development and utilization of water resources, from the administrative division, Kaidu-Kongque River basin has 50% counties and cities in 2010. In 2012, it belongs to grade 鈪

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