泾惠渠灌区水资源健康配置研究及地下水数值模拟

发布时间：2018-03-13 03:35

本文选题：泾惠渠灌区　切入点：地下水生态水位　出处：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：陕西省泾惠渠灌区作为一个典型的渠井双灌区，为关中地区粮食生产安全作出了巨大的贡献。本论文主要针对泾惠渠灌区面临的水资源短缺、灌溉用水不合理、地下水超采等问题，提出井渠结合灌区的水资源健康配置概念，并通过收集多年灌区渠首引水和地下水用水资料，结合灌区多年降水情况、实际种植结构与灌溉制度以及灌区渠道水利用系数等，分析灌区不同水文年理论灌溉需水量，进行地表水—地下水水资源联合配置。论文主要研究成果如下：（1）对研究区水资源利用现状进行了分析，反映了其近年来水资源开发利用状况，提出水资源开发利用中存在的问题。（2）确立了地下水生态水位的上下限阈值，利用CROPWAT模型计算灌区作物的理论需水量。玉米、冬小麦、棉花整个生育期需水量分别为541.6mm、612.2mm和862.2mm。（3）对灌区供水量进行了分析，根据作物需水过程和供水约束，结合大系统优化理论建立了水资源配置模型，利用遗传算法进行求解，得出50%和75%两种频率年灌溉配水方案。（4）运用ARIMA时间序列模型进行降水量预测，得出未来10年的降水量，并依据配水方案计算出地下水补给量，结合MODFLOW进行地下水位预报，结果显示，，此方案下不会存在盐渍化问题，但存在小范围超出生态水位下限的情况。通过本论文的研究，提出了泾惠渠灌区未来地表水—地下水资源可持续利用的健康灌溉配水方案，并验证了结果的合理性和实用性。
[Abstract]:Jinghui Canal Irrigation District in Shaanxi Province, as a typical canal and well irrigation area, has made a great contribution to grain production safety in Guanzhong area. This paper mainly aims at the shortage of water resources and unreasonable irrigation water use in Jinghui Canal Irrigation District. In this paper, the concept of healthy allocation of water resources in well and canal combined irrigation area is put forward, and through collecting the data of diversion of canal head and groundwater water in irrigation area for many years, combined with the situation of precipitation in irrigation area, the paper puts forward the concept of over-exploitation of groundwater and so on. The actual planting structure, irrigation system and irrigation canal water utilization coefficient are analyzed, and the theoretical irrigation water demand in different hydrological years of irrigation district is analyzed, and the surface water and groundwater water resources are jointly allocated. The main research results are as follows:. 1) the present situation of water resources utilization in the study area is analyzed, which reflects the situation of water resources development and utilization in recent years, and puts forward the problems existing in the development and utilization of water resources. (2) the upper and lower threshold of groundwater ecological water level was established, and the theoretical water requirement of crops in irrigated area was calculated by CROPWAT model. The water requirement of corn, winter wheat and cotton were 541.6 mm / 612.2 mm and 862.2 mm respectively during the whole growth period. The water supply in irrigation area was analyzed. According to crop water demand process and water supply constraints, the water resources allocation model was established in combination with the large system optimization theory. The genetic algorithm was used to solve the problem, and two kinds of annual irrigation water distribution schemes with frequency of 50% and 75% were obtained. (4) using ARIMA time series model to predict precipitation, get precipitation in the next 10 years, calculate groundwater recharge according to water distribution scheme and forecast groundwater level with MODFLOW. The result shows that there is no salinization problem under this scheme. However, there is a small area beyond the lower ecological water level. Through the research of this paper, a healthy irrigation water distribution scheme for the future surface water and groundwater resources sustainable utilization in Jinghui Canal Irrigation area is put forward, and the rationality and practicability of the results are verified.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：S274;P641.8

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