贸易结构与中国农业资源约束——一个理论假设的经验研究

发布时间：2018-07-16 16:23

【摘要】：生态不平等交换理论认为垂直出口流动是一个关键的结构性机制,有利于发达国家通过分层的贸易结构过度利用发展中国家的生态资源并将环境成本外部化,引起后者资源消费约束和生态环境退化。本文通过构建中国农业部门初级资源及产品的加权垂直出口流量指数,采用人均CGTF生态足迹衡量农业资源消费的指标,就分层贸易结构等因素对中国1962-2011年农业资源消费水平的影响进行了经验分析。研究结果发现:中国与发达国家之间的分层贸易结构显著地抑制了中国对农业初级资源及产品的消费,中国在分层的贸易结构中着实成为了发达国家基于消费的环境成本外部化的受体国;人均产出的增长会促进人均农业资源消费水平的提高;出口依赖不利于国内人口的农业资源消费;城市化和服务业比重变量均会降低人均CGTF生态足迹。
[Abstract]:The theory of ecological inequality exchange holds that vertical export flow is a key structural mechanism, which helps developed countries to over-utilize the ecological resources of developing countries and externalize environmental costs through a hierarchical trade structure. The latter causes resource consumption constraints and ecological degradation. By constructing the weighted vertical export flow index of primary resources and products in China's agricultural sector, this paper uses the per capita CGTF ecological footprint to measure the index of agricultural resource consumption. The influence of stratified trade structure on the consumption level of agricultural resources in China from 1962 to 2011 was analyzed empirically. The results show that the hierarchical trade structure between China and developed countries has significantly inhibited China's consumption of agricultural primary resources and products. In the stratified trade structure, China has become a recipient country of developed countries' environmental cost externalization based on consumption, and the increase of per capita output will promote the increase of per capita consumption of agricultural resources. Export dependence is not conducive to the consumption of agricultural resources of domestic population; urbanization and service specific variables will reduce the ecological footprint of CGTF per capita.
【作者单位】：中南财经政法大学工商管理学院;
【基金】：国家软科学研究计划项目“利用境外农业资源缓解中国粮食安全问题研究”(编号:2012GXS4D092) 中南财经政法大学博士生科研创新项目“生态投入、非合意环境产出与农业发展可持续性”(编号:2013B0805)
【分类号】：F323.2;F752

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