葫芦岛市资源承载力和生态足迹研究

发布时间：2018-07-16 16:52

【摘要】：葫芦岛是辽宁省沿海经济带“五点一线”的重要组成部分,具有重要的经济功能；同时,葫芦岛市又地处辽宁省低山丘陵地带,属于“辽西丘陵区”和“近岸海域与岛屿区”,具有重要的生态功能。葫芦岛市经济以石油化工、有色冶金、机械造船、能源电力四大产业为支柱,以石油加工、炼焦、核燃料加工、交通运输设备制造、非金属矿物开发和化学原料制造为重点。其特定的产业结构决定了葫芦岛市能源资源高消耗、污染物高排放的状况,环境和生态质量不容乐观。资源承载力是指在一定时期内,依托当地各类自然资源,在保证与其社会文化准则相符的物质生活水平下能够持续供养的人口数量。而生态足迹则是一种测度可持续发展的量化方法。为此,本课题拟针对葫芦岛市的资源承载力和生态足迹开展研究,以评价葫芦岛城市发展布局与环境保护目标的协调性,并结合葫芦岛具体情况,从资源能源保障、循环经济等方面提出具体合理化建议,优化产业结构和布局,提高该区域的生态承载力。本文首先介绍了本课题的研究背景,从资源承载力和生态足迹的概念、理论及其发展过程,介绍了两种评价方法的基本过程和算法。其次针对葫芦岛市的地理环境特征、经济定位、产业结构和特征、区域环境质量现状、水资源和土地资源现状及其供需状况等开展了较为详细的调查,在现状数据的基础上分析了区域环境质量的发展趋势,并采用相对资源承载力评价模型,核算了葫芦岛市相对于全国和辽宁省的相对资源承载力,分析了主要的制约因素。同时,利用生态足迹理论模型,计算了葫芦岛市生态足迹需求和供给量,从生态足迹的构成及与辽宁省内其它城市的区位比较角度,分析了导致生态足迹赤字产生的主要原因。最后,结合资源承载力和生态足迹分析所反映出的主要矛盾,从提高水资源和土地资源供给量、降低重点产业的生态足迹需求几方面提出了有针对性的环境保护对策和建议。
[Abstract]:Huludao is an important part of the "5.1 Line" in the coastal economic belt of Liaoning Province and has an important economic function. At the same time, Huludao City is located in the hilly area of Liaoning Province, belonging to the "Hilly area of western Liaoning Province" and "the coastal waters and island areas." It has important ecological function. Huludao's economy is based on petrochemical industry, non-ferrous metallurgy, mechanical shipbuilding, energy and power industry, and focuses on petroleum processing, coking, nuclear fuel processing, transportation equipment manufacturing, non-metallic mineral development and chemical raw material manufacturing. The specific industrial structure of Huludao city determines the high consumption of energy resources, high emission of pollutants, environmental and ecological quality is not optimistic. The carrying capacity of resources refers to the number of population which can be sustainably supported by local natural resources in a certain period of time under the condition of guaranteeing the material living standard in accordance with its social and cultural norms. Ecological footprint is a quantitative method to measure sustainable development. In order to evaluate the coordination of Huludao's urban development and environmental protection goals, this paper aims to study the resource carrying capacity and ecological footprint of Huludao City, and combine the specific situation of Huludao City, from the point of view of resource and energy security, to evaluate the coordination of Huludao's urban development and environmental protection objectives. Specific rationalization suggestions are put forward to optimize the industrial structure and layout in order to improve the ecological carrying capacity of the region. This paper first introduces the research background of this subject, from the concept, theory and development process of resource carrying capacity and ecological footprint, introduces the basic process and algorithm of two evaluation methods. Secondly, a detailed investigation is carried out on the geographical and environmental characteristics, economic orientation, industrial structure and characteristics, regional environmental quality, water resources, land resources and supply and demand of Huludao. Based on the current situation data, the development trend of regional environmental quality is analyzed, and the relative resource carrying capacity evaluation model is adopted to calculate the relative resource carrying capacity of Huludao city relative to the whole country and Liaoning Province, and the main restrictive factors are analyzed. At the same time, the ecological footprint demand and supply of Huludao City are calculated by using the ecological footprint theory model, and the main reasons leading to the ecological footprint deficit are analyzed from the perspective of the composition of ecological footprint and the location comparison between the ecological footprint and other cities in Liaoning Province. Finally, combined with the main contradiction reflected in the analysis of the carrying capacity of resources and ecological footprint, the countermeasures and suggestions for environmental protection were put forward from the aspects of increasing the supply of water resources and land resources and reducing the ecological footprint demand of key industries.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F205;X22

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