水库周边开发利用对水资源影响研究

发布时间：2018-08-20 18:47

【摘要】：以水库为主体而建设发展的水利风景区是我国水利风景区体系中比较成熟的一个类型。我国水库资源丰富,具备良好的开发建设基础,但水库资源在周边景区开发建设过程中容易遭到破坏,造成资源极大浪费。论文以宜兴市横山水库周边景区开发建设为例,探讨水库周边开发利用对水资源影响及制定相应安全保障措施。论文首先分析研究区水资源数量和水环境现状问题,然后基于水文要素和土地利用等资料构建模拟模型,并结合实测数据对模型参数进行率定和检验。根据水源地保护的相关法律法规和景区规划布局,设定不同开发利用情景和规模,利用构建好的SWAT模型模拟不同开发利用情景及不同典型年下研究区水量水质变化情况,评价不同开发利用情景对水资源安全的影响程度。并得出如下结论： (1)研究区1979-2010年近32a的降水量和入库水量呈下降趋势,但下降趋势不明显,并且两者具有13a和5a两个振荡周期,主振荡周期为13a。 (2)研究区各类污染源中COD的入库量均为最大,且COD的入库总量远大于其他污染物入库总量,水库水体处于中度富营养化状态。 (3)基于不同典型年份,景区开发初期和开发完成后入库径流均增加,故景区开发对水库水资源无不良影响,但增加的水量可能在汛期增加防洪压力；各典型年份景区开发初期入库泥沙负荷都有一定增加,水土流失加剧,必须做好开发建设过程中水土保持工作；各典型年份景区开发初期和开发完成后研究区污染负荷均减少,故景区开发对水库水资源无不良影响,但诸如停车场、道路和宾馆餐饮等污染源未考虑在内,在景区开发初期和开发完成后应制定相应措施以期降低污染。 (4)针对水库开发利用对水资源影响分析评价及进一步保障水源地安全,制定了水资源基本保障措施和开发利用过程中相应具体措施。
[Abstract]:The water conservancy scenic spot with reservoir as the main body is a more mature type in the water conservancy scenic spot system of our country. The reservoir resources in our country are rich and have a good foundation for development and construction, but the reservoir resources are easily destroyed in the process of development and construction of the surrounding scenic spots, resulting in a great waste of resources. Taking the development and construction of scenic spots around Hengshan Reservoir in Yixing City as an example, this paper discusses the impact of reservoir development and utilization on water resources and formulates corresponding safety measures. In this paper, the quantity of water resources and the current situation of water environment in the study area are analyzed firstly, then the simulation model is constructed based on the data of hydrological elements and land use, and the model parameters are determined and tested with the measured data. According to the relevant laws and regulations of water source protection and the layout of scenic spots, different development and utilization scenarios and scales are set up, and the SWAT model is used to simulate the changes of water quantity and water quality in different development and utilization scenarios and in different typical years. To evaluate the impact of different development and utilization scenarios on water resources security. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the precipitation and storage water in the study area from 1979 to 2010 showed a decreasing trend, but the decreasing trend was not obvious, and they had two oscillatory periods of 13a and 5a. The main oscillation period is 13a. (2) the input amount of COD is the largest in all kinds of pollution sources, and the total amount of COD is much larger than that of other pollutants. The water body of the reservoir is in a medium eutrophication state. (3) based on different typical years, the runoff into the reservoir increases at the initial stage of development and after the development, so the exploitation of the scenic spot has no adverse effect on the water resources of the reservoir. However, the increase of water quantity may increase the flood control pressure in flood season, and the load of silt in the initial stage of development of scenic spots in each typical year will increase to a certain extent, and the soil and water loss will be aggravated, so it is necessary to do a good job of soil and water conservation in the course of development and construction. In each typical year, the pollution load of the study area is reduced at the initial stage of development and after the completion of development, so the scenic spot development has no adverse effect on reservoir water resources, but the pollution sources such as parking lot, road and hotel catering are not taken into account. In the early stage and after the development of the scenic area, the corresponding measures should be made to reduce the pollution. (4) to analyze and evaluate the impact of reservoir development and utilization on water resources and to further ensure the safety of the water source. The basic safeguard measures of water resources and the corresponding concrete measures in the process of development and utilization have been formulated.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV697.25;TV213

【相似文献】