白云鄂博矿钾资源综合利用的研究

发布时间：2018-09-11 08:05

【摘要】：钾盐矿主要用于生产钾肥和钾化合物,世界上95%的钾盐产品用作肥料,5%用于化学工业,钾是肥料3大要素之一。中国是水溶性钾资源十分短缺的国家,水溶性钾盐储量约2.1亿t,占世界的2.2%,60%的钾肥需要进口。中国非水溶性钾岩矿基础储量大于200亿t。包头白云鄂博矿蕴藏丰富的钾资源,随铁开采每年按废石堆存的钾板岩约300~400万t,有极大的利用价值。本文叙述了综合利用白云鄂博钾板岩的研发历程。通过分析比较,提出了综合利用钾板岩的产业化技术路线,最终确定石灰高温焙烧法、苛性碱高压热水浸出法和苛性碱常压热水浸出法工艺技术流程,3种流程均可分离出钾盐、氧化铝、硅酸钙微粉和水泥建筑材料,可实现综合回收利用白云鄂博富钾板岩的目的。建议加快项目的半工业试验,选出其中投资少、成本低、效益好和环境友好的方案实施产业化。
[Abstract]:Potash ore is mainly used to produce potash fertilizer and potassium compound. 95% of potash products are used as fertilizer 5% in chemical industry. Potassium is one of the three main factors of fertilizer. China is a country short of water soluble potassium resources. The storage of water soluble potassium salt is about 210 million tons, accounting for 2.2% of the world's potash fertilizer need to be imported. The basic reserves of insoluble potash ore in China are more than 20 billion t. Baotou Bayan Obo Mine is rich in potassium resources, and the potash slate stored in waste rock piles with iron mining is about 300 ~ 4 million tons per year, which is of great value in utilization. This paper describes the research and development process of synthetically utilizing Bayan Obo potassium slate. Through the analysis and comparison, the industrialization technology route of synthetically utilizing potassium slate is put forward, and the three technological processes of lime high temperature roasting, caustic alkali high pressure hot water leaching and caustic alkali atmospheric pressure hot water leaching are finally determined to separate potassium salt. Alumina, calcium silicate powder and cement building materials can achieve the purpose of comprehensive recovery and utilization of potassium rich slate in Bayan Obo. It is suggested to speed up the semi-industrial test of the project, and select the scheme with less investment, lower cost, better benefit and environmental friendliness to implement industrialization.
【作者单位】：包头钢铁(集团)有限责任公司;
【分类号】：TD985

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