丝绸之路经济带建设中的水资源安全问题及对策

发布时间：2018-10-13 11:13

【摘要】："丝绸之路经济带"的战略构想既为沿线国家带来了经济社会发展和加强区域合作的历史性机遇,也面临着诸多约束与挑战。水资源安全问题便是我国在推进丝绸之路经济带建设过程中应该高度重视的战略性和前瞻性问题之一。本文以丝绸之路经济带所涉及的我国西北地区、中亚地区和西亚地区等重点区域为案例,对这些典型区域存在的水资源安全问题(包括水资源分布特征、水资源需求特征、生态环境条件)以及跨界水资源的争端与合作历史等进行了深入分析。针对丝绸之路经济带建设过程中面临的这些水资源问题,并借鉴中亚和西亚地区跨界河流管理中的经验和教训,从战略布局角度为我国政府和决策部门提供了对策建议。丝绸之路经济带所联系的地域范围远超出某一具体跨界河流流域的范围,丝绸之路经济带沿线国家所面临的水资源安全保障问题将受到更为复杂多样的多元化约束。我国应以制定与中亚邻国间的水资源协同开发战略框架为牵引,通过倡导构建沿丝绸之路经济带的水资源合作走廊,完善跨界水资源合作机制,加强跨地区水资源合作;并注重加强跨地区水资源协同开发和保护的关键技术研究和信息监测工作,完善水资源安全的支撑体系。
[Abstract]:The strategic conception of "Silk Road Economic Belt" not only brings a historic opportunity for the countries along the route to develop their economy and society and strengthen regional cooperation, but also faces many constraints and challenges. The problem of water resources security is one of the strategic and forward-looking problems that our country should attach great importance to in the process of promoting the construction of Silk Road economic belt. This paper takes the key areas of Northwest China, Central Asia and West Asia, which are involved in the Silk Road Economic Belt, as an example to deal with the problems of water resources security in these typical regions (including the distribution characteristics of water resources, the characteristics of water resources demand, etc.) Eco-environmental conditions) and the history of disputes and cooperation of transboundary water resources are analyzed in depth. In view of these water resources problems in the construction of the Silk Road economic belt, and drawing lessons from the experiences and lessons in the management of transboundary rivers in Central and West Asia, this paper provides countermeasures and suggestions for our government and policy-making departments from the angle of strategic layout. The region associated with the Silk Road Economic Belt is far beyond the scope of a specific transboundary river basin, and the water resources security problems faced by the countries along the Silk Road Economic Belt will be subject to more complex and diversified constraints. China should draw up the strategic framework of water resources cooperative development with neighboring countries of Central Asia, and strengthen the trans-regional water resources cooperation by advocating the construction of water resources cooperation corridor along the Silk Road economic belt, perfecting the mechanism of transboundary water resources cooperation. Emphasis is placed on strengthening the research on key technologies and information monitoring for the collaborative development and protection of water resources across regions and improving the supporting system of water resources security.
【作者单位】：河海大学商学院;河海大学国际河流研究中心;河海大学国际河流研究所;河海大学水文水资源学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金“平衡开发与保护下的不同水文气候区不同等级河流关键生态水文特征指标研究”(编号:41401010) 中国博士后科学基金资助项目“跨界河流生态和经济用水安全保障理论研究”(编号:2013M531270) 江苏省博士后科研资助项目“淮河流域跨界河流水资源一体化管理模式研究”(编号:1302029C) 国家社科基金重大项目“中国与周边国家水资源合作开发机制研究”(编号:11&ZD168) 长江学者和创新团队发展计划资助“国际河流战略与情报监测研究”(编号:IRT13062) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助“国际河流分水实践及其影响因素研究”(编号:2014B20514)
【分类号】：TV213.4

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