唐山湾海域渔业资源群落多样性分析

发布时间：2018-11-02 21:00

【摘要】：基于2012年5、8和10月对唐山湾海域进行底拖网渔业资源调查的资料,采用相对重要性指数、多样性指数及群落ABC曲线等分析方法,对3个季节渔业资源现状及群落多样性进行研究。结果显示:渔获物中共有海洋动物59种,其中鱼类27种,甲壳类17种,贝类7种,棘皮动物4种,头足类3种,多毛类1种;春季捕获35种渔获物,夏季36种,秋季37种;春季平均渔获率(质量)为3.50 kg/h,夏季为13.68 kg/h,秋季为16.99 kg/h。研究表明:(1)渔获率及其组成季节差异明显。在生物量上,春季以头足类为主,鱼类与甲壳类次之;夏季甲壳类为主,鱼类次之;秋季鱼类为主,甲壳类次之。(2)渔获率空间分布季节变化明显,春季浅水区较深水区渔获率高,夏季深水区较浅水区高。(3)优势种季节变化不明显。(4)春季H'高于夏、秋季,深水区总体高于近岸浅水区。(5)ABC曲线分析可知,群落受到严重干扰。
[Abstract]:Based on the survey data of bottom trawl fishery resources in Tangshan Bay in May and October of 2012, the relative importance index, diversity index and community ABC curve were used. The present situation of fishery resources and community diversity in three seasons were studied. The results showed that there were 59 species of marine animals, including 27 species of fish, 17 species of crustaceans, 7 species of shellfish, 4 species of echinoderm, 3 species of cephalopod, 1 species of polychaetes, 35 species of catch in spring, 36 species in summer and 37 species in autumn. The average catch rate (mass) in spring is 3.50 kg/h, 13.68 kg/h, in summer, 16.99 kg/h. in autumn. The results showed that: (1) the difference of catch rate and its component season was obvious. In terms of biomass, cephalopods are dominant in spring, followed by fishes and crustaceans in summer, followed by fish in summer. In autumn, crustaceans took the second place. (2) the seasonal variation of the spatial distribution of fish catch rate was obvious, and the catch rate in shallow water area was higher than that in deep water area in spring. (3) the seasonal variation of dominant species in summer is higher than that in shallow water. (4) H' is higher in spring than in summer and autumn. (5) ABC curve analysis shows that the community is seriously disturbed.
【作者单位】：浙江海洋学院水产学院;乐清市水产科学研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(41006075) 浙江省重中之重学科(090801) 唐山湾国际旅游岛管委会资助项目“唐山湾游钓规划海域海洋生物资源调查”
【分类号】：S931.1

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