我国矿产资源生态补偿制度研究
发布时间：2019-01-05 22:07
【摘要】：矿产资源是人类赖以生存和发展的重要物质基础,但在经济利益的驱动下,人类对矿产资源进行了不合理的开发和利用,不仅严重破坏生态环境,引发一系列环境问题,同时也产生了严重的社会问题,成为制约我国经济社会发展的重要因素。正是在这样的背景下,本文提出应当建立并完善矿产资源生态补偿法律制度。第一部分对生态补偿做了阐述,在此基础上提出了矿产资源生态补偿的概念,接着对矿产资源生态补偿的理论基础即资源价值论、矿产资源的耗竭性理论、外部性理论、可持续发展能力理论做了介绍和分析。文章的第二部分重点介绍了美国、德国、澳大利亚、加拿大四个发达国家在矿产资源生态补偿方面的科学立法与有效实践,指出国外经过多年发展,已经在此方面积累了许多有益经验。第三部分全面梳理了我国现行矿产资源生态补偿立法,深入剖析了实施矿产资源生态补偿制度时出现的问题,主要在于法律体系不健全、生态补偿范围过小、补偿制度有内在缺陷、相关管理部门职责分工不清等。文章的第四部分要求移植国外先进立法,提出了我国完善矿产资源生态补偿法律制度的相关建议。我们需要首先从完善立法入手,然后详细规定矿产资源生态补偿制度的核心内容,以提高该制度的可操作性和实际应用效果。最后还需要建立起完整的矿产资源生态补偿配套制度,包括强化矿产资源开发的监管力度,建立公众参与机制。
[Abstract]:Mineral resources are the important material basis for human survival and development, but driven by economic interests, human resources have been unreasonably exploited and utilized, which not only seriously destroy the ecological environment, but also lead to a series of environmental problems. At the same time, it also produces serious social problems and becomes an important factor restricting the economic and social development of our country. It is against this background that the legal system of ecological compensation for mineral resources should be established and perfected. In the first part, the concept of ecological compensation of mineral resources is put forward, and then the theoretical basis of ecological compensation of mineral resources is the theory of resource value, the theory of depletion of mineral resources, the theory of externality. The theory of sustainable development ability is introduced and analyzed. The second part of the article mainly introduces the scientific legislation and effective practice of the United States, Germany, Australia and Canada in the field of ecological compensation of mineral resources, and points out that foreign countries have developed for many years. Many useful experiences have been accumulated in this area. The third part comprehensively combs our country present mineral resources ecological compensation legislation, deeply analyzes the mineral resources ecological compensation system when the appearing question, mainly lies in the legal system is not perfect, the ecological compensation scope is too small, Compensation system has inherent defects, related management departments are not clear division of duties and so on. In the fourth part, the author puts forward some suggestions on how to perfect the legal system of ecological compensation for mineral resources. We need to start with the perfection of legislation and then specify the core contents of the ecological compensation system of mineral resources in order to improve the maneuverability and practical application effect of the system. Finally, it is necessary to establish a complete system of ecological compensation for mineral resources, including strengthening the supervision of mineral resources development and establishing the mechanism of public participation.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.6
本文编号：2402365
[Abstract]:Mineral resources are the important material basis for human survival and development, but driven by economic interests, human resources have been unreasonably exploited and utilized, which not only seriously destroy the ecological environment, but also lead to a series of environmental problems. At the same time, it also produces serious social problems and becomes an important factor restricting the economic and social development of our country. It is against this background that the legal system of ecological compensation for mineral resources should be established and perfected. In the first part, the concept of ecological compensation of mineral resources is put forward, and then the theoretical basis of ecological compensation of mineral resources is the theory of resource value, the theory of depletion of mineral resources, the theory of externality. The theory of sustainable development ability is introduced and analyzed. The second part of the article mainly introduces the scientific legislation and effective practice of the United States, Germany, Australia and Canada in the field of ecological compensation of mineral resources, and points out that foreign countries have developed for many years. Many useful experiences have been accumulated in this area. The third part comprehensively combs our country present mineral resources ecological compensation legislation, deeply analyzes the mineral resources ecological compensation system when the appearing question, mainly lies in the legal system is not perfect, the ecological compensation scope is too small, Compensation system has inherent defects, related management departments are not clear division of duties and so on. In the fourth part, the author puts forward some suggestions on how to perfect the legal system of ecological compensation for mineral resources. We need to start with the perfection of legislation and then specify the core contents of the ecological compensation system of mineral resources in order to improve the maneuverability and practical application effect of the system. Finally, it is necessary to establish a complete system of ecological compensation for mineral resources, including strengthening the supervision of mineral resources development and establishing the mechanism of public participation.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.6
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