基于GIS的庆阳市可利用土地资源评价研究
发布时间：2019-03-01 07:48
【摘要】：由于我国人口众多，可利用土地面积有限，导致人均土地、耕地、林地和草地占有量均低于世界平均水平。随着社会经济的发展和人口的继续增长，我国的人地矛盾日趋尖锐，如何合理利用有限的土地资源，协调人地关系显得尤为重要。有计划、有步骤地对后备土地资源进行开发和利用，在一定程度上可以有效地缓解人地矛盾，而后备土地资源的开发受到各种自然、社会和经济因素的制约，寻求更加稳妥可靠的开发利用战略是当前一项紧迫的任务。借助GIS技术对后备可利用土地资源进行深入评价研究，有利于加强国土资源调查、规划、管理、保护和合理利用，对全面推进国土资源信息化建设，加快国土资源现代化管理的步伐具有深远的意义。 本文以甘肃省庆阳市为例，以庆阳市第二次土地调查数据及社会经济统计数据为基础，以《省级主体功能区划分技术规程》和《甘肃省主体功能区规划》为依据，利用GIS空间分析技术，以县域为评价单元对庆阳市可利用土地资源进行评价。以期为庆阳市主体功能区的划分提供依据。主要内容如下： （1）可利用土地资源丰度评价 为了对庆阳市可利用土地资源的数量以及空间分布状况展开研究，运用GIS空间分析技术，对庆阳市土地利用现状图、高程数字模型图、坡度分级图进行空间叠加，计算出庆阳市可利用土地资源的面积，并运用K-均值聚类分析进行丰度分级。结果表明：庆阳市的可利用土地资源的面积为3848.61km2，人均可利用土地资源面积0.14hm2/人。可利用土地资源相对较丰富，但各个县区分布不均衡，土地利用的制约因素较多，开发难度较大。 （2）可利用土地资源质量评价 为了较好的评价庆阳市可利用土地资源的质量情况，在地貌、地质条件、气候、区位条件四方面选取评价因子，构建可利用土地资源质量评价指标体系；采用层次分析法确定各指标的权重；运用Arcgis10.2空间分析功能，确定庆阳市可利用土地资源质量的情况。评价结果表明：庆阳市可利用土地资源质量分为四等地。一等地的面积为70605.00hm2，占可利用土地资源总面积的18.35％；二等地的面积为63639.95hm2，占可利用土地资源总面积的16.54％；三等地面积为91177.20hm2，占总面积的23.69％；四等地的面积为159438.93hm2，占总面积的41.43％。 （3）可利用土地资源潜力评价 根据庆阳市可利用土地资源丰度评价和质量评价的结果，在可利用土地资源数量和质量两个方面选取评价指标，构建评价指标体系，运用Arcgis10.2的空间分析功能，确定庆阳市可利用土地资源未来的潜力。结果表明：庆阳市可利用土地资源的潜力级分为四级。庆阳市可利用土地资源开发潜力的面积为261845.05hm2，，其中，一级潜力区的面积为16903.87hm2，占可利用土地资源开发潜力总面积的6.46㳠；二级潜力区的面积为120285.58hm2，占总面积的45.94㳠；三级潜力区的面积为80013.35hm2，占总面积的30.56㳠；四级潜力区的面积为44642.25hm2，占总面积的17.05㳠。
[Abstract]:Because of the large population of our country, the land area is limited, so that the land, the cultivated land, the forestland and the grassland are all lower than the average of the world. With the development of the social economy and the continued growth of the population, the contradiction of the people in our country is becoming more and more acute, and how to make rational use of the limited land resources and to coordinate the human-to-land relationship is particularly important. in a plan and step-by-step development and utilization of reserve land resources, that contradiction between man and land can be effectively alleviated to a certain extent, and the development of reserve land resources is subject to various natural, social and economic factors, The search for a more secure and reliable development strategy is an urgent task. With the help of GIS, it is of far-reaching significance to strengthen the investigation, planning, management, protection and rational utilization of land resources, and to promote the information construction of land and resources, and to speed up the modernization of land and resources. Taking Qingyang City as an example, this paper is based on the second land survey data and the social and economic statistics of Qingyang City, and uses the GIS space analysis technique to divide the technical regulations of the provincial main functional area and the planning of the main functional area of Gansu Province. On the basis of the county-level evaluation unit, the land resources can be evaluated by the county-level evaluation unit Price. The purpose is to provide the basis for the division of the main functional area of Qingyang City. The main content is, for example, (1) Land resources available In order to study the number of land resources and the spatial distribution in Qingyang city, the present situation and elevation of land use in Qingyang city are studied by using GIS spatial analysis technology. The area of the land resources can be used in Qingyang city and the K-means cluster analysis is applied to calculate the area of the available land resources in Qingyang city. The results show that the area of the available land resources in Qingyang city is 3848.61km2, and the available land resources per capita is 0.14. The land resources are relatively rich, but the distribution of land is not balanced, and the restriction factors of land use are many. It is difficult to send. (2) It can be used In order to evaluate the quality of the land resources in Qingyang City, the quality evaluation of land resources can be used to evaluate the quality of the available land resources in Qingyang City, and the evaluation factors should be selected in terms of the landform, geological conditions, climate and location conditions, so that the land resources can be used source quality evaluation index system; using the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight of each index; using the ArcGis10.2 spatial analysis function to determine the availability of Qingyang city The results of the evaluation show that the land resources can be used in Qingyang city. The area of the first-class area is 70605.00hm2, accounting for 18.35% of the total area of the available land resources; the area of the second-class area is 63639.95 hm2, accounting for 16.54% of the total area of the available land resources; the area of the third area is 91177.20 hm2, accounting for 23.69% of the total area; and the area of the four areas is 159438.93hm2, which is the total area. 41.43% of the area. (3 ) The land resource potential evaluation can be used to evaluate the results of the evaluation of the abundance of the land resources and the quality of the available land resources in Qingyang City, and the evaluation index shall be selected according to the two aspects of the quantity and the quality of the land resources, and the evaluation index system shall be constructed and the Arcg shall be used. the spatial analysis function of is10.2 to determine the Qingyang The potential of the city to take advantage of the future of land resources. The potential level of land resources is divided into four levels. The area of the land resource development potential of Qingyang city is 261845.05 hm2, of which, the area of the first-order potential area is 16903.87hm2, which makes up the available land resources The total area of the source development potential is 6.46?; the area of the secondary potential area is 120285.58h m2, which is 45.94% of the total area, and the area of the three-level potential area is 80013.35h M2, which is 30.56% of the total area, and the area of the four-level potential area is 446.42.25 hm.
【学位授予单位】：甘肃农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F301.2
本文编号：2432225
[Abstract]:Because of the large population of our country, the land area is limited, so that the land, the cultivated land, the forestland and the grassland are all lower than the average of the world. With the development of the social economy and the continued growth of the population, the contradiction of the people in our country is becoming more and more acute, and how to make rational use of the limited land resources and to coordinate the human-to-land relationship is particularly important. in a plan and step-by-step development and utilization of reserve land resources, that contradiction between man and land can be effectively alleviated to a certain extent, and the development of reserve land resources is subject to various natural, social and economic factors, The search for a more secure and reliable development strategy is an urgent task. With the help of GIS, it is of far-reaching significance to strengthen the investigation, planning, management, protection and rational utilization of land resources, and to promote the information construction of land and resources, and to speed up the modernization of land and resources. Taking Qingyang City as an example, this paper is based on the second land survey data and the social and economic statistics of Qingyang City, and uses the GIS space analysis technique to divide the technical regulations of the provincial main functional area and the planning of the main functional area of Gansu Province. On the basis of the county-level evaluation unit, the land resources can be evaluated by the county-level evaluation unit Price. The purpose is to provide the basis for the division of the main functional area of Qingyang City. The main content is, for example, (1) Land resources available In order to study the number of land resources and the spatial distribution in Qingyang city, the present situation and elevation of land use in Qingyang city are studied by using GIS spatial analysis technology. The area of the land resources can be used in Qingyang city and the K-means cluster analysis is applied to calculate the area of the available land resources in Qingyang city. The results show that the area of the available land resources in Qingyang city is 3848.61km2, and the available land resources per capita is 0.14. The land resources are relatively rich, but the distribution of land is not balanced, and the restriction factors of land use are many. It is difficult to send. (2) It can be used In order to evaluate the quality of the land resources in Qingyang City, the quality evaluation of land resources can be used to evaluate the quality of the available land resources in Qingyang City, and the evaluation factors should be selected in terms of the landform, geological conditions, climate and location conditions, so that the land resources can be used source quality evaluation index system; using the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight of each index; using the ArcGis10.2 spatial analysis function to determine the availability of Qingyang city The results of the evaluation show that the land resources can be used in Qingyang city. The area of the first-class area is 70605.00hm2, accounting for 18.35% of the total area of the available land resources; the area of the second-class area is 63639.95 hm2, accounting for 16.54% of the total area of the available land resources; the area of the third area is 91177.20 hm2, accounting for 23.69% of the total area; and the area of the four areas is 159438.93hm2, which is the total area. 41.43% of the area. (3 ) The land resource potential evaluation can be used to evaluate the results of the evaluation of the abundance of the land resources and the quality of the available land resources in Qingyang City, and the evaluation index shall be selected according to the two aspects of the quantity and the quality of the land resources, and the evaluation index system shall be constructed and the Arcg shall be used. the spatial analysis function of is10.2 to determine the Qingyang The potential of the city to take advantage of the future of land resources. The potential level of land resources is divided into four levels. The area of the land resource development potential of Qingyang city is 261845.05 hm2, of which, the area of the first-order potential area is 16903.87hm2, which makes up the available land resources The total area of the source development potential is 6.46?; the area of the secondary potential area is 120285.58h m2, which is 45.94% of the total area, and the area of the three-level potential area is 80013.35h M2, which is 30.56% of the total area, and the area of the four-level potential area is 446.42.25 hm.
【学位授予单位】：甘肃农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F301.2
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